Heat carried by ground water serves as a tracer to identify surface water infiltration, flow through fractures, and flow patterns in ground water basins. Temperature measurements can be analyzed for recharge and discharge rates, the effects of surface warming, interchange with surface water, hydraulic conductivity of streambed sediments, and basin-scale permeability. Temperature data are also u...

a two dimensional generalized thermoelastic problem of a thick circular plate of finite thickness and infinite extent subjected to continuous axisymmetric heat supply and an internal heat generation is studied within the context of generalized thermoelasticity. unified system of equations for classical coupled thermoelasticity, lord-shulman and green-lindsay theory is considered. an exact solut...

The use of geothermal energy in Finland is restricted to the utilization of ground heat with heat pumps. This is due to the geological conditions as Finland is a part of the Fennoscandian (or Baltic) Shield. The bedrock is Precambrian covered with a thin (<5 m) cover of Quaternary sediments. Topography is subdued and does not easily produce advective re-distribution of geothermal heat by ground...