Vision, mission and objective statements are essential for the government departments to declare their fortifications protecting public assets upholding highest possible ethical standards. defined documented by state in Malaysia deter, among other things, official wrongdoing dishonesty. The of this study is investigate efforts made agencies stop employee fraud misconduct. phrase integrity its s...

In order to analyze the privatization policies undertaken by national and regional governments, I consider a horizontal differentiation model with price competition in which country consists of two regions different sizes. show that public-sector intervention either or government is essential for achieving social optimum. The preferences consumers firms about policy are completely opposite: pre...

“COVID-19” or “the pandemic” is often referred to as a “novel Coronavirus” because almost everything about it has been startlingly new – “novel.” When COVID-19 was first identified late in 2019, sc...

This paper studies steady-state, Markov-Perfect strategic trade policy when (infinitely lived) governments are committed to trade policy during two periods. We compare the case in which both governments choose their export subsidies in the same periods (synchronization) versus the case in which they set them in alternate periods (staggering). We find that, under Cournot competition, welfare is ...