The aim of this study is to investigate the reaction of the economic growth of developing countries against the shocks caused by financial development and the accumulation of human capital in 2019. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and semi-experimental in terms of data collection method and post-event approach (through past information) and descriptive-correlation research typ...

â â â â  libya experienced a substantial increase in oil revenue as a result of increased oil prices during the period of the late 1970s and early 1980s, and again after 2000. recent increases in oil production and the price of oil, and their positive and negative macroeconomic impacts upon key macroeconomic variables, are of considerable contemporary importance to an oil dependent economy such...

This paper explores the near-term effects on household expenditures of legislative cap-and-trade proposals that restrict greenhouse gas emissions. We evaluate optimistic and pessimistic assumptions about the uses of allowance value, compared to relatively predictable results from a cap-and-dividend approach. We find the allocation of emissions allowances is significantly more important to distr...

BACKGROUND The amount of resources, particularly prepaid resources, available for health can affect access to health care and health outcomes. Although health spending tends to increase with economic development, tremendous variation exists among health financing systems. Estimates of future spending can be beneficial for policy makers and planners, and can identify financing gaps. In this stud...

We consider public-private partnerships, in which a public official selects a project that is then developed and operated by a private contractor. We derive optimal public accounting rules when the official's choice among projects is biased by ideology or social ties or because of pandering to special interests. We give particular emphasis to how the rules should constrain the official’s incent...

in this paper, we develop a ramsey-type endogenous growth model in which government spending on property rights protection is a major determinant of economic growth. this model includes equations for welfare, private and public sectors production. we introduce the legal efficiency into private production function, and x-inefficiency parameter into public production function. also, we consider t...

We study the effects of government spending by using a structural, large dimensional, dynamic factor model. We find that the government spending shock is non-fundamental for the variables commonly used in the structural VAR literature, so that its impulse response functions cannot be consistently estimated by means of a VAR. Government spending raises both consumption and investment, with no ev...

The paper sets up a two-region endogenous growth model to discuss growth and regional convergence of uni ed Germany. It emphasises the role of private and public capital accumulation during the developing process. The theoretical part derives scal policy rules which establish convergence of regional output per capital and convergence of regional human wealth. To assess the speed of convergence ...

Despite optimism about the end of AIDS, the HIV response requires sustained financing into the future. Given flat-lining international aid, countries' willingness and ability to shoulder this responsibility will be central to access to HIV care. This paper examines the potential to expand public HIV financing, and the extent to which governments have been utilising these options. We develop and...