Macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha (MIP-1alpha) is a chemokine that may act principally by preventing hemopoietic cells from entering G1, thereby attenuating the cytotoxic effects of cell cycle-specific chemotherapeutic agents. Here we examine the effect of MIP-1alpha on the sensitivity of human granulocyte-macrophage hemopoietic progenitor cells (granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cells...

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) stimulates granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) production in human fibroblasts and other mesenchymal cells. However, relatively little is known about agents that downregulate cytokine production in these cells. In the present report we show that dexamethasone (Dexa), a synthetic glucocorticoid, markedly reduced GM-CSF production in T...

Four forms of mouse granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were purified 100,000-fold from mouse lung conditioned medium. Each of the CSF species stimulated the formation of both granulocyte and macrophage colonies, and half-maximal stimulation in the semi-solid mouse bone-marrow colony assay occurred at 1 pm. The four GM-CSF species exhibited similar charge microheterogeneit...

Eight permanent cell lines were established from cells of 50 consecutive patients with childhood acute leukemia. Three cell lines required growth factor-containing conditioned media. Analysis using blocking antisera and recombinant granulocytic macrophage (GM) colony-stimulating factor (CSF) identified GM-CSF as a growth factor required to establish the latter three cell lines and necessary for...

Osteoclasts and dendritic cells are derived from monocyte/macrophage precursor cells; however, how their lineage commitment is regulated is unknown. This study investigated the differentiation pathways of osteoclasts and dendritic cells from common precursor cells at the single-cell level. Osteoclastogenesis induced by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nucle...

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) are used to ameliorate cancer therapy-induced neutropenia and mucositis. Yet, first data in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) indicate an impaired long-term prognosis on G-CSF treatment, and previous studies showed a contribution of both factors to the progression of human epi...

We have previously demonstrated that mice exposed to sublethal hyperoxia (an atmosphere of >95% oxygen for 4 days, followed by return to room air) have significantly impaired pulmonary innate immune response. Alveolar macrophages (AM) from hyperoxia-exposed mice exhibit significantly diminished antimicrobial activity and markedly reduced production of inflammatory cytokines in response to stimu...

A complete hematologic remission was achieved in a patient with therapy-related preleukemia and transfusiondependent pancytopenia after treatment with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). The patient remained in remission for nearly 1 year despite the discontinuation of GM-CSF treatment. Several lines of evidence suggest that normal hematopoiesis was rest...

Tolerogenic dendritic cells (DCs) may be valuable in transplantation for silencing immune reaction. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)/IL-4 induces differentiation of cord blood (CB) monocytes into DCs (M-DCs) with tolerogenic phenotype/function. We assessed whether factors produced by tolerogenic DCs could modulate hematopoiesis. TGF-beta1 added to CB M-DC cultures induced bona fide ...

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of interleukin-17A (IL-17A) on osteoclastogenesis in vitro. METHODS Bone marrow cells (BMCs) were isolated from the excised tibia and femora of wild-type C57BL/6J mice, and osteoblasts were obtained by sequential digestion of the calvariae of ddY, C57BL/6J, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor-knockout (GM-CSF(-/-)) mice. Monocultures of BM...