The chronic consequences of hyperglycemia in diabetes are well documented. There is evidence that aggressive glycemic control is beneficial in certain populations. Therapy optimization occurs when ineffective medications are adjusted or new medications are added to achieve target glucose levels with minimal adverse events, specifically, hypoglycemia. Therapy selection and glycemic goals vary de...

AIMS Despite its general benefits for health, exercise complicates the maintenance of stable blood glucose concentrations in individuals with type 1 diabetes. The aim of the current study was to examine changes in food intake, insulin administration, and 24-h glycemic control in response to consecutive days with prolonged walking exercise (∼8h daily) in individuals with type 1 diabetes. METHO...

The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is expressed in various tissues, including the gastrointestinal tract. To investigate the role of gut CaSR on glycemic control, we examined whether single oral administration of CaSR agonist peptides affected the glycemic response in rats. Glucose tolerance tests were performed under oral or duodenal administration of various CaSR agonist peptides (γGlu-Cys, ...

Glycemic and hormonal responses to two breakfast mixed meals were studied in six obese subjects with NIDDM. The study evaluated a high-glycemic-effect (HGE) and a low-glycemic-effect (LGE) meal, each with approximately 600 kcal and 12% protein, 15% fat, and 73% carbohydrate. Plasma insulin and counterregulatory hormones were measured at baseline and at 30-min intervals for 5 h after meals. Mean...

BACKGROUND The laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is a successful surgical procedure for morbid obesity. However, post surgery weight regain is usual, thus applying the glycemic index could promote good weight control. OBJECTIVE To compare the glycemic index (GI) and glycemic response (GR) obtained of instant mashed potatoes in individuals subjected to LSG versus control subjects. METHOD...

Despite overall reductions in heart disease prevalence, the risk of developing heart failure has remained 2-fold greater among people with diabetes. Growing evidence has supported that fluctuations in glucose level and uptake contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) by modifying proteins, DNA, and gene expression. In the case of glucose, clinical studies have shown that increased dietary suga...

BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal symptoms are reportedly common in diabetes, but a causal link is controversial and adequate population control data are lacking. OBJECTIVE To determine whether gastrointestinal symptoms are more frequent in persons with diabetes, particularly in those with poor glycemic control. METHODS Fifteen thousand adults were mailed a questionnaire (response rate, 60.0%) co...

Since diabetes tends to progressively worsen over time, glycemic control often deteriorates in spite of taking regular therapy. Therefore, numerous research studies are by and large focused on finding more efficient therapy, both new medicines for treating type 2 diabetes mellitus, as well as supplements that could serve as an addition to conventional treatment modalities. A variety of herbal p...

Green tea extract (GTE) ingestion improves glucose homeostasis in healthy and diabetic humans, but the interactive effect of GTE and exercise is unknown. The present study examined the effect of short-term GTE supplementation on the glycemic response to an oral glucose load at rest and following an acute bout of exercise, as well as substrate oxidation during exercise. Eleven sedentary, overwei...