Akira Oikawa, Kenkichi Ebisui, Masayuki Sue, Atsushi Ishihara and Hajime Iwamura Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan, and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST) Z. Naturforsch. 54c, 181-185 (1999); received November 19, 1998/January 11, 1999 Benzoxazinones, Zea mays, Gramineae, ß-Glucosidase Occurrence and pro...

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate αamylase inhibitory and α – glucosidase inhibitory activity of the ethanolic extract of Dioscorea villosa tubers in vitro. Materials and Methods: Different concentrations of the plant extract (1.5, 3, 7, 15.30, 60, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 μg/ml) were prepared in ethanol and subjected to α amylase inhibitory and α Glucosidase inhibitory assay...

Gymnema sylvestre R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae) has been known to posses potential anti-diabetic activity, and the gymnemic acids were reported as the main bioactive components in this plant species. However, the specific components responsible for the hypoglycemic effect still remain unknown. In the present study, the in vitro study revealed that the extract of G. sylvestre exhibited significant inh...

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors currently form an important basis for developing novel drugs for diabetes treatment. In our preliminary tests, the ethyl acetate fraction of Phlomis tuberosa extracts showed significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC₅₀ = 100 μg/mL). In the present study, a combined method using Sepbox chromatography and thin-layer chromatography (TLC) bioautography was develo...

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of glucose metabolism. The management of blood glucose level is the hallmark in the treatment of this disease. This may be achieved through the use of oral hypoglycemic drugs such as biguanides, insulin secretagogues, and α-glucosidase inhibitors. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of Morinda lucida leaf extracts o...

BACKGROUND Chlorophyte microalgae have a cell wall containing a large quantity of cellulose Iα with a triclinic unit cell hydrogen-bonding pattern that is more susceptible to hydrolysis than that of the cellulose Iβ polymorphic form that is predominant in higher plants. This study addressed the enzymatic hydrolysis of untreated Chlorella homosphaera biomass using selected enzyme preparations, a...

The activity of the GH1 β-glucosidase from Humicola insolens (Bglhi) against p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (pNP-Glc) and cellobiose is enhanced 2-fold by glucose and/or xylose. Kinetic and transglycosylation data showed that hydrolysis is preferred in the absence of monosaccharides. Stimulation involves allosteric interactions, increased transglycosylation and competition of the substrate a...

BACKGROUND The enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose is still considered as one of the main limiting steps of the biological production of biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass. It is a complex multistep process, and various kinetic models have been proposed. The cellulase enzymatic cocktail secreted by Trichoderma reesei has been intensively investigated. beta-glucosidases are one of a number of c...

BACKGROUND Protein production as secretory-form is a powerful tool in industrial enzyme production due to the simple purification procedure. Streptomyces lividans is a versatile host for secretory production of useful proteins. In order to expand the amount of secreted protein, signal peptide sequences, which encourage protein secretion from inside cell to extracellular environment, are one of ...

BACKGROUND Trichoderma reesei is a widely used model cellulolytic fungus, supplying a highly effective cellulase production system. Recently, the biofuel industry discovered filamentous fungi from the Penicillium genus as a promising alternative to T. reesei. RESULTS In our study, we present a systematic over-expression analysis of nine β-glucosidase encoding genes in the wild-type strain 114...