Background: The aim of this study was evaluation of developmental rate and Bax, Bcl-2 and ErbB4 genes expression following re-vitrification in compact and early blastocysts stages. Materials and Methods: 5-8 cell embryos were collected from female mature mice, 60-62 hours post hCG injection. The embryos were divided to five groups including: fresh, vitrified at 5-8 cells, vitrified at blastocys...

Bacterial agents must be genotypically analyzed for vaccinations, effective control programs, and antimicrobial resistance genes that could transfer from aquaculture settings to terrestrial ecosystems and humans. Therefore, we investigated the prevalence, genotypic characterization, and antimicrobial resistance of Lactococcus garvieae for two years at aquaculture sites throughout Turkey. A tota...

Pasteurella multocida is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for pneumonia of lambs and goats, respiratory atrophic rhinitis of swine. Although the molecular basis of the pathogenicity and host specificity of P. multocida is not well understood, several studies have reported that a number of proteins are correlated with the pathogenic mechanisms. Adhesins have a crucial role in mediating colo...

Background: Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC), which is the causative agent of colibacillosis, harbors several putative virulence genes. An important trait of APEC for both poultry and public health is antibiotic resistance. Objectives: In the present study, some potential virulence genes of APECs isolated from Northeast of Iran and their resistance to the quinolones antibiotics were stu...

Valeriana officinalis (valerian), as a nutraceutical herb, is widely used for its sedative and hypnotic properties. It is known that C15 sesquiterpenoid valerenic acid (VA) is the active ingredient responsible for pharmacological effects of V. officinalis. To evaluate the effect of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) concentrations (50 and 100 µM...

Background: Regulation of gene expression in mammalian embryos is not completely known. Pre-implantation embryos need maternal RNA and proteins synthesized during oogenesis, to regulate development before mater-embryo transition, as the grown oocyte and the 1-cell zygote are transcriptionally silent. There are some oocyte-specific genes called maternal effect genes which may account for this ea...