Building a production-quality refactoring engine or similar source code transformation tool traditionally requires a large amount of hand-written, language-specific support code. We describe a system which reduces this overhead by allowing both a parser and a fully rewritable AST to be generated automatically from an annotated grammar, requiring little or no additional handwritten code. The rew...

We present a study of MSX point sources in the Galactic bulge (|l| < 3, 1 < |b| < 5), observed at A, C, D and E-band (8 to 21 μm), with a total area ∼ 48 deg and more than 7000 detected sources in the MSX D-band (15 μm). We discuss the nature of the MSX sources (mostly AGB stars), their luminosities, the interstellar extinction, the mass-loss rate distribution and the total mass-loss rate in th...

‎let $x=left(‎ ‎begin{array}{llll}‎ ‎ x_1 &amp; ldots &amp; x_{n-1}&amp; x_n‎ ‎ x_2&amp; ldots &amp; x_n &amp; x_{n+1}‎ ‎end{array}right)$ be the hankel matrix of size $2times n$ and let $g$ be a closed graph on the vertex set $[n].$ we study the binomial ideal $i_gsubset k[x_1,ldots,x_{n+1}]$ which is generated by all the $2$-minors of $x$ which correspond to the edges of $g.$ we show that...

In [19], Migliore–Miró-Roig–Nagel show that the Weak Lefschetz property can fail for an ideal I ⊆ K[x 1 ,. .. , x 4 ] generated by powers of linear forms. This is in contrast to the analogous situation in K[x 1 , x 2 , x 3 ], where WLP always holds [24]. We use the inverse system dictionary to connect I to an ideal of fat points, and show that failure of WLP for powers of linear forms is connec...

We show that the lattice of all ideals of a ring $R$ can be embedded in the lattice of all its fuzzyideals in uncountably many ways. For this purpose, we introduce the concept of the generalizedcharacteristic function $chi _{s}^{r} (A)$ of a subset $A$ of a ring $R$ forfixed $r , sin [0,1] $ and show that $A$ is an ideal of $R$ if, and only if, its generalizedcharacteristic function $chi _{s}^{...

This paper evaluates and ranks the temporal dimensions, known as fourth dimension of urban design, of a number of places in a city by TOPSIS method. TOPSIS method is technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution. TOPSIS is one of the renowned methods for classical multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems that defines the positive ideal solution and negative ideal solution...