Public announcement logic (PAL) is a paradigm case of dynamic epistemic logic, which models how agents’ epistemic states change when pieces of information are communicated publicly. PAL extends epistemic logic with the operator [A], where the intended reading of [A]φ is “After a public announcement that A, φ holds.” This logic has recently received two improvements. One improvement, studied in ...

Incidence calculus is a probabilistic logic which possesses both numerical and symbolic approaches. However, Liu in [5] pointed out that the original incidence calculus had some drawbacks and she established a generalized incidence calculus theory (GICT) based on Łukasiewicz’s threevalued logic to improve it. In a GICT, an incidence function is defined to relate each proposition φ in the axioms...

We investigate the canonical equivalence of a matter-coupled 2D dilaton gravity theory defined by the action functional S = d 2 x √ −g (Rφ + V (φ) − 1 2 H (φ) (∇f) 2 , and a free field theory. When the scalar field f is minimally coupled to the metric field (H(φ) = 1) the theory is equivalent, up to a boundary contribution, to a theory of three free scalar fields with indefinite kinetic terms, ...

The present paper deals with the determination of temperature, displacement and thermal stresses in a circular sector disk defined as 0 ≤ r ≤ a , 0 ≤ φ ≤ φ0 < 2π, 0 ≤ z ≤ h under an unsteady-state temperature field, due to internal heat generation within it. The time dependent heat flux f1(φ, z , t ) is applied on the fixed circular edge (r = a ). For time t > 0, the boundary surfaces at (φ = 0...