Aim Species distribution models (SDMs) are widely used predictive tools to forecast potential biological invasions. However, the reliability of SDMs extrapolated exotic ranges remains understudied, with most analyses restricted few species and equivocal results. We examine spatial transferability for 647 non-indigenous across 1,867 invaded ranges, identify what factors may help differentiate su...

P olicymakers, managed care organizations, medical educators, and the general public are showing an increasing interest in the amount and quality of care provided by generalists and subspecialists. This article reviews studies comparing the knowledge base of and quality of care provided by these 2 groups of physicians. English-language articles were identified through MEDLINE (1966-present) usi...

LET'S NOT WORRY ABOUT THAT In March 2005, the conference “Medical education towards 2010: shared visions and common goals” was held in Canberra. Sponsored by the Committee of Deans of Australian Medical Schools and the Australian Medical Council, it was attended by nearly 200 delegates from Australian medical schools, clinical colleges, postgraduate education bodies and other stakeholders. Its ...

The emergence of complex multicellular systems and their associated developmental programs is one of the major problems of evolutionary biology. The advantages of cooperation over individuality seem well known but it is not clear yet how such increase of complexity emerged from unicellular life forms. Current multicellular systems display a complex cell-cell communication machinery, often tied ...

Changes in species' trophic niches due to habitat degradation can affect intra- and interspecific competition, with implications for biodiversity persistence. Difficulties of measuring species' interactions in the field limit our comprehension of competition outcomes along disturbance gradients. Thus, information on how habitat degradation can destabilize food webs is scarce, hindering predicti...

We agree with the statement that there are many pathways to rural practice, of which the RGP is one of a number available in Queensland and, increasingly, other jurisdictions. If any misperception exists about this then we suggest it is everyone's responsibility to address it. We are not convinced there is evidence that recruitment from university 'potentially leads to poor decisions', but supp...

In 2011 the Royal College of General Practitioners led a commission onmedical generalists.Definitions vary, but I like the response from the Medical Schools Council: “doctors prepared to deal with any problem presenting to them, unrestricted by particular body systems and including problems with psychological or social causes as well as physical ones.” The Royal College of Physicians has emphas...

Language Modelling is a crucial component in many areas and applications including automatic speech recognition (ASR). n-gram language models (LMs) have been the dominant technology during the last few decades, due to their easy implementation and good generalism on unseen data. However, there are two well known problems with n-gram LMs: data sparsity; and the n-order Markov assumption. Previou...

Suppose that all non-qualitative facts are grounded in qualitative facts. I argue that this view naturally comes with a picture in which trans-world identity is indeterminate. But this in turn leads to either pervasive indeterminacy in the non-qualitative, or else contingency in what facts about modality and possible worlds are determinate. 1 Ground and Necessity Shamik Dasgupta argues that we ...

A rguably the greatest therapeutic breakthroughs have resulted from increased medical specialisation, particularly in major disciplines, such as cardiology and respiratory medicine. Generalism now remains the province of primary and community care, and of elderly care teams. However, what works well for research may work against the delivery of these medical advances to the patients most in nee...