introduction: the aim of this study was to setup, optimize and introduce a sensitive and specific pcr detection method for identification of neisseria meningitidis dna in clinical samples. material and methods: capsular transport gene a (ctra) was selected as a specific target sequence. this primer pair amplifies 101bp of the target gene. neisseria meningitidis strain: atcc; 13090 and neisseria...

background: lipophosphoglycan 3 (lpg3) is required for the lpg assembly, a well known virulent molecule. in this study, the lpg3 gene of the lizard and mammalian leishmania species were cloned and sequenced. a three-dimensional structure (3d) for the target sequence was also predicted by comparative (homology) modeling. materials and methods: an optimization pcr amplification was performed on g...

the alternative use of non-selective herbicides in different years will reduce the possibility of weeds resistance to herbicide by avoiding the crops constant exposure to herbicide selection pressure. the photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterile (pgms) rice with herbicide resistance will be convenient to the mechanization of hybrid seed production and weed control. in order to develop double he...

purification and isolation of cellular target proteins for monoclonal antibody (mab) production is a difficult and time-consuming process. immunization of mice with murine cell lines stably transfected with genes coding for xenogenic target molecules is an alternative method for mouse immunization and mab production. here we present data on transfection efficiency of some commercial reagents us...

ganoderma lucidum is one of the most well-known fungi, and has many applications in medicine. ganoderic acid is among the valuable secondary metabolites of ganoderma lucidum, and responsible for the inhibition of the tumor cell growth and cancer treatment. application of ganoderic acid has been limited because of low yields of its production from ganoderma lucidum. the present study aims to inv...

Background and Aims: Plant certification programs need reliable, fast, cheap and sensitive methods for detection of systemic pathogens with special interest in virus and viroid detection. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has been documented as an alternative assay for certification of plant propagating materials. The main object of the present study was the optimization ...

The work investigates the general suitability of purpose of abstract evolutionary approaches by investigating the issues involved with re-factoring an existing, gene expression programming based, drone control system into an immunologically based general purpose optimization system. The re-purposed model is investigated regarding its suitability suitable for use in clonal expansion based optimi...

optimization of maintenance resources to maximize the system availability is a major concern in different manufacturing systems. therefore, a lot of effort is put to construct optimization models to reach the maximum availability level and to reduce the costs of lack of availability. however, despite these efforts, data uncertainty in the real world problems was neglected in proposed models whi...

The objective of this thesis is to investigate how to improve Particle Swarm Optimization by hybridization of stochastic search heuristics and by a Self-Organized Criticality extension. The thesis will describe two hybrid models extending Particle Swarm Optimization with two aspects from Evolutionary Algorithms, recombination via breeding and gene flow restriction via subpopulations. A further ...