Mobile Ad-hoc NETwork (MANET) is an application of wireless network with self-configuring mobile nodes. MANET does not require any fixed infrastructure. Its development never has any threshold range. Nodes in MANET can communicate with each other if and only if all the nodes are in the same range. This wide distribution of nodes makes MANET vulnerable to various attacks, packet dropping attack ...

We observe the dropping of electromagnetic waves having a specific frequency or a certain frequency band in two-dimensional dielectric photonic crystals. The single frequency is dropped via cavity waveguide coupling. Tunability of the demultiplexing mode can be achieved by modifying the cavity properties. The band-dropping phenomenon is achieved by introducing interaction between an input plana...

Methods for decoding information from neuronal signals (Kim et al., 2006; Quiroga and Panzeri, 2009) have attracted much interest in recent years, in a large part due to the rapid development of brainmachine interfaces (BMIs) (Lebedev and Nicolelis, 2006; Lebedev, 2014). BMIs strive to restore brain function to disabled patients or even augment function to healthy individuals by establishing di...

This paper describes four scheduling algorithms and two packet-dropping algorithms for transmitting soft-real-time variable-bit-rate traffic in a packet-switched network. Simulation results show that the first-come-first-serve algorithm, which is equivalent to the earliest-deadline-first algorithm when all packets have equal relative deadlines, outperforms the timed-token algorithm as well as t...

In stateless core (SCORE) networks, edge routers maintain per flow state while core routers do not. Core stateless fair queuing (CSFQ) has been proposed for approximating the operation of per-flow queuing techniques in SCORE networks. However, the packet dropping probability offered by CSFQ suits only UDP flows. Thus, CSFQ cannot achieve fair bandwidth allocation for TCP flows. This paper propo...

In this paper we consider a local area network (LAN) of dual mode service where one is a token bus and the other is a carrier sense multiple access with a collision detection (CSMA/CD) bus. The objective of the paper is to find the overall cell/packet dropping probability of a dual mode LAN for finite length queue M/G/1(m) traffic. Here, the offered traffic of the LAN is taken to be the equival...

The application of Space Division Multiple Access (SDMA) to the downlink of future Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) mobile radio systems is a promising solution to achieve high spectral efficiency. Besides enhancing system capacity, Quality of Service (QoS) requirements must also be respected to ensure reliable communication. In this work, a new SDMA strategy called Soft Dr...

Congestion plays a vital role in degrading the performance of the network. Under idle condition, network traffic is less whereas when an event is detected, the network traffic becomes high thus leading to congestion in the network. To ensure the reliability of the network an efficient protocol is proposed to detect and control congestion. Though there are various sources for congestion, the sig...

Vehicular Delay-Tolerant Networking (VDTN) was proposed as a new variant of a delay/disruptive-tolerant network, designed for vehicular networks. These networks are subject to several limitations including short contact durations, connectivity disruptions, network partitions, intermittent connectivity, and long delays. To address these connectivity issues, an asynchronous, store-carry-and-forwa...

People who drop out of high school fare worse in many aspects of life. We analyze the relationship between dropping out of high school and the probability of contracting a sexually transmitted infection (STI). Previous studies on the relationship between dropout status and sexual outcomes have not empirically addressed unobserved heterogeneity at the individual level. Using fixed effects estima...