Standardized tests are commonly used to select individuals in both pre-employment and educational settings. Nevertheless, research has yet to sufficiently explore the relationship between test anxiety (TA) and test performance in selection contexts. The goal of this study was to assess the dimensionality of TA, the relations between TA and test performance, and the impact of gender on TAwithin ...

In the backdrop of the debate on missing women (Oster, 2005), this paper empirically tests for two competing explanations of the increasing sex ratio at birth (SRB) in India: prevalence of hepatitis B and human intervention in the form of sex selective abortion or female infanticide. Estimating a simple model of male-preferring stopping rule using the method of maximum likelihood with data from...

We evaluated whether lexical selection in speech production is affected by word frequency by means of two experiments. In Experiment 1 participants named pictures using utterances with the structure "pronoun + verb + adjective". In Experiment 2 participants had to perform a gender decision task on the same pictures. Access to the noun's grammatical gender is needed in both tasks, and therefore ...

This paper provides an overview of the literature on international di¤erences in the gender wage gap. It then focuses on the Italian case and analyzes di¤erentials in gender wage and employment gaps across regions. The cross-regional variation reproduces the negative correlation between wage and employment gaps observed at the cross-country level. Using the methodology in Olivetti and Petrongol...

Mulligan and Rubinstein (2008) (MR) argued that changing selection of working females on unobservable characteristics, from negative in the 1970s to positive in the 1990s, accounted for nearly the entire closing of the gender wage gap. We argue that their female wage equation estimates are inconsistent. Correcting this error substantially weakens the role of the rising selection bias (39 % vers...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES To investigate whether there is a bias in the residency selection process that influences the proportion of females entering diagnostic radiology residencies. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 4117 applications to one diagnostic radiology residency program from 2008 to 2014 were analyzed. Invitations to interview were evaluated by each year, specifically looking at gen...

Preconceptual sex selection is still a highly debatable process whereby X- and Y-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa are isolated prior to fertilization of the oocyte. Although various separation techniques are available, none can guarantee 100% accuracy. The aim of this study was to separate X- and Y-chromosome-bearing spermatozoa using methods based on the viability difference between the X- and Y...

Does gender affect the practice pattern of forensic psychiatrists? Though the exact nature of practice differences between male and female forensic psychiatrists is difficult to identify and even more difficult to quantify, Price et al. make a solid start toward answering the question. They define basic parameters of forensic psychiatric practice and compare these parameters between men and wom...

Following ethical issues, many of unwanted pregnancies and abortions can be avoided. Several factors such as cultural, social, religious, and economic issues, as well as medical reasons such as the existence of some diseases related to chromosome X encourage couples to choose traditional or new treatment methods for selecting their child’s gender. The establishment of family balance is another ...