This paper was adopted by the CJLS on December 12, 1990 by a vote of thirteen infavor, one opposed, andfour abstaining (13-1-4). Members voting in favor: Rabbis Ben Zion Bergman, Stanley Bramnick, Jerome M. Epstein, David M. Feldman, Sam Fraint, Howard Handler, Reuven Kimelman, Herbert Mandl, Lionel E. Moses, Mayer E. Rabinowitz, Avram I. Reisner, Joel Rembaum, Joel Roth. Member voting against:...

This study was conducted to examine a patient's age and condition at the time of diagnosis as one potential factor contributing to the "gender gap" in cystic fibrosis. The study population consisted of 11,275 US patients diagnosed during 1986-1998 and reported to the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Registry in the same or the following calendar year. Parallel analyses were performed for Wisconsin pa...

This study aimed at investigating the reliability, predictive validity, and self-esteem and gender bias of confidence-based scoring. This is a method of scoring in which the test takers receive a positive or negative point based on their rating of their confidence in an answer. The participants, who were 49 English-major students taking their grammar course, were given 8 multiple-choice tests d...

fisheries industry in india is an unorganized sector of occupation where considerable proportion of workers is female. however, the prevalent gender inequality in terms of task allocation, wages, and other welfare facilities makes the men as dominant workforce. furthermore, there are occasions when incidents of workplace violence take place. the present study was conducted to find the prevalenc...

Heart diseases remain one of the major health concerns worldwide, inflicting a tremendous financial burden, especially in low to middle-income countries like Philippines. An exhaustive time-trend analysis, including recent data, is essential measure nation's progress cardiac health, capturing effect national-scale changes over time. Thus, using stored data from Philippine statistics, this study...

In many societies across the globe, females are still underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM fields), although they reported to have higher grades high school college than males. The present study was guided by assumption that sustainability of education critically rests on academic success both male female students under conditions equitable educational options, p...

The disciplinary actions taken by school building administrators after receiving a discipline referral were examined ti identify evidence of race and gender bias in administration of corporal punishment (CP). The relationships between race and CP, and gender and CP, were examined after controlling for the severity and frequency of punishable behaviors by students in each group. Analyses of disc...

Sexual selection, or competition among members of one sex for reproductive access to the other, is one of the strongest and fastest evolutionary processes. Comparative studies support the prediction that sexual selection is stronger in polygamous than in monogamous species. We report the first study of the effect on sexual selection of a change in mating system, from polygyny to monogamy, withi...

Dear Editor, G equality amongst healthcare professionals is no doubt paramount to allow both equal opportunity and provision of good quality healthcare. The General Medical Council encourages that all colleagues should be treated fairly, but studies have previously demonstrated gender bias against female medical students (1). Whether this might have any impact on the students’ decision-making p...