Recently a variety of link-based stability concepts have emerged in the literature on game theoretic models of social network formation. We investigate two basic formation properties that establish equivalence between some well known types of stable networks and their natural extensions. These properties can be identified as convexity conditions on the network payoff structures.

We report a case of an osteonecrosis-like lesion of the knee that developed shortly after an arthroscopic medial meniscectomy. Clinical presentation, physical findings, and imaging of the knee including magnetic resonance imaging were similar to those of the cases that have been reported as osteonecrosis after meniscectomy. However, histologic analysis of the lesion revealed that there was no o...

Network formation on trust and trustworthiness needs to be sustainable for any online trust based economy. It is important to have a matching game within our program in order to match up the most compatible individuals. Similar individuals can have higher levels of trust at the start of the relationship and thus have lasting partnerships. However, we must also create a network structure that al...

where ∆ denotes a diffusion operator, is central to many biological applications, in fields ranging from pattern formation in development to ecology. One of the central topics of research in this context is the question of how the stability of solutions of the PDE relates to stability of solutions of the underlying ordinary differential equation (ODE) dx dt (t) = F (x(t), t). This paper shows t...

We argue that the linear static potential is built in into the common procedure of extracting it from lattice Wilson loop measurements. To illustrate the point, we extract the potential by the standard lattice method in a model vacuum made of instantons. A beautiful innnitely rising linear potential is obtained in the case where the true potential is actually attening. We argue that the ux tube...

The conditions for macroscopic segregation of A and B in a steady-state A + B ---, 0 reaction are studied in infinite systems. Segregation occurs in one and two dimensions and is marginal for d = 3. We note the dependence of these results on the precise experimental conditions assumed in the theory. We also note the difference between these results and our earlier ones for finite systems where ...

This paper shows that the set of probability distributions over networks induced by Nash equilibria of the network formation game proposed by Myerson (1991) is finite for a generic assignment of payoffs to networks. The same result can be extended to several variations of the game found in the literature.

Here we investigate how development and evolution can affect each other by exploring what kind of phenotypic variation is produced by different types of developmental mechanisms. A limited number of developmental mechanisms are capable of pattern formation in development. Two main types have been identified. In morphodynamic mechanisms, induction events and morphogenetic processes, such as simp...

We report the draft genome sequence of Pseudomonas alcaliphila 34, a Cr(VI)-hyperresistant and biofilm-producing bacterium that might be used for the bioremediation of chromate-polluted soils. The genome sequence might be helpful in exploring the mechanisms involved in chromium resistance and biofilm formation.

We apply a single Boltzmann-like integro-diierential equation to model pattern formation in aspect space. Dynamics of density distributions are considered in two cases. First, the distribution of organisms on the real line is investigated. A linear stability analysis reveals conditions on interactions between the organisms that lead to aggregation and periodic patterns. Use of diiusion approxim...