cAMP has previously been shown to promote cell survival in a variety of cell types, but the downstream signaling pathway(s) of this antiapoptotic effect is unclear. Thus the role of cAMP signaling through PKA and cAMP-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factors (cAMP-GEFs) in cAMP's antiapoptotic action was investigated in the present study. cAMP's protective effect against bile acid-, Fas li...

We have previously shown that synthesis of poliovirus protein 3CD in uninfected HeLa cell extracts induces an increased association with membranes of the cellular Arf GTPases, which are key players in cellular membrane traffic. Arfs cycle between an inactive, cytoplasmic, GDP-bound form and an active, membrane-associated, GTP-bound form. 3CD promotes binding of Arf to membranes by initiating re...

Formation of multiprotein complexes on cellular membranes is critically dependent on the cyclic activation of small GTPases. FRAP-based analyses demonstrate that within protein complexes, some small GTPases cycle nearly three orders of magnitude faster than they would spontaneously cycle in vitro. At the same time, experiments report concomitant excess of the activated, GTP-bound form of GTPase...

We updated the anthropogenic emissions inventory in NOAA’s operational Global Ensemble Forecast for Aerosols (GEFS-Aerosols) to improve model’s prediction of aerosol optical depth (AOD). used a methodology quickly update pivotal global sulfur dioxide (SO2) using speciated AOD bias-scaling method. The method is based on latest model predictions compared NASA’s Modern-Era Retrospective analysis R...

The small GTPases Ras and Rho, which perform central roles in eukaryotic signal transduction, cycle between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound forms via interactions with GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) and with guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) [1]. As a result, mutations in GAPs or GEFs are often associated with malignant transformation and have been the subject of intensive i...

BACKGROUND Rho GTPases control many cellular processes, including cell survival, gene expression and migration. Rho proteins reside mainly in the cytosol and are targeted to the plasma membrane (PM) upon specific activation by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs). Accordingly, most GEFs are also cytosolic or associated with the PM. However, Net1, a RhoA-specific GEF predominantly localize...

In this study, the weather conditions of accident at Maroua-Salak airport on 02 August 2020 are analyzed. This C130 aircraft took place under bad conditions. is diagnosed using models as CFS, GFS and GEFS that reanalyze outputs results. At end re-analysis, result obtained shows event which was predictable. However, analysis these results has made it possible to present rainfall cumul between 05...