the acute toxicity of a malaysian crude oil to red snapper, lutjanus argentimaculatus, blacktiger shrimp and penaeus monodon were investigated. the animals were exposed to water solublefractions (wsf) of crude oil in a flow-through bioassay system and the toxicants were analyzed by gaschromatography (gc) and gas chromatography and mass spectrometer (gc-ms). the 96 h lc50 valuesof the wsf of cru...

In this study, for the first time we investigated in situ upgrading performance of Na metal nanoparticles, which were obtained by dispersing small pieces sodium liquid paraffin up to certain dispersity. aquathermolytic reactions modeled a high pressure–high temperature reactor coupled with Gas Chromatography (GC) system at 250 °C 24 h using heavy oil sample, produced from Ashal’cha reservoir, R...

Derivatization reactions are meant to transform an analyte for detectability in Gas Chromatography (GC) or other instrumental analytical methods. Derivatization in GC analysis can be defined as a procedural technique that primarily modifies an analyte’s functionality in order to enable chromatographic separations. A modified analyte in this case will be the product, which is known as the deriva...

Oral fluids are being used as an alternative matrix to urine for drug testing. Oral fluid is considered to be less invasive and much more difficult to adulterate than urine samples. Samples of oral fluid are typically screened by an ELISA immunoassay method. Those found to be positive must be further analyzed with a mass spectrometry confirmation technique. The confirmation technique must be ab...

Abbreviations: FVIII/vWF: Complex of Factor VIII and von Willebrand Factor; MW: Molecular Weight; NDF: Number of Degree of Freedom; S/D: Solvent/Detergent; LEV/LEVs: Virus (es) Enveloped by Lipid Membrane; NLEV/NLEVs: Non-enveloped Virus (es); IFA method: Method of Immune-fermental Analysis; FITC: Fluorescein Isothiocyanate; RT-PCR method: Real-time PCR Method; TCID50: 50% Tissue Culture Infect...

This is a review of analytical methods, such as spectrophotometry, derivative spectrophotometry and various chromatographic (gas chromatography-GC, high-performance liquid chromatography-HPLC, thin-layer chromatography-TLC, high-performance thin-layer chromatography-HPTLC, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry-LC-MS, microchip electrophoresis-MCE, capillary electrophoresis-CE) and elec...

Gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry (GC-O-MS) has been very useful in identifying aroma compounds from within the complex matrix of wine. Supplementary separation can be required to overcome co-elution volatiles or other sensory-directed chromatographic strategies are needed, including multidimensional chromatography and preparative fraction collection coupled GC. Studies investig...

phosalone, malathion and diazinon were analyzed in corn oil using solid phase extraction (spe)with lanthanum silicate as a new solid sorbent followed by gas chromatography with nitrogenphosphorus detection (gc-npd). the efficiency of different eluents (methanol, dichloromethane,ethyl acetate, dichloromethane — ethyl acetate (1:1) and ethyl acetate — methanol (1:1)) werecompared for elution of o...

Chromatography is an analytical technique which has been used for isolation, purification and separation of organic and inorganic compounds including qualitative and quantitative estimation of compounds. Basically, there are two types of chromatography. One is liquid chromatography and other is Gas chromatography. The chromatography was discovered in 1906 and gas chromatography was developed by...

To investigate the utility of comprehensive GC×GC gas chromatography metabolomics in finding varietal markers among volatile compounds non-aromatic red wines, representative samples two most important Croatian monovarietal Plavac mali and Teran, were subjected to analysis by both conventional chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) two-dimensional with time-of-flight mass (GC×GC-TOF-MS) after ...