This paper offers new evidence concerning the difference in consumers’ reactions to changes in gasoline taxes relative to changes in gasoline prices. Using microdata from the 2007 to 2009 rounds of the U.S. Consumer Expenditure Survey, we estimate a complete system of demand augmented with information on gasoline excise taxes. By relying on a complete system of demand, rather than on single equ...

Approximately 11% and 25% of annual Canadian oil spill accidents are gasoline and diesel spills, respectively. Gasoline and diesel spills are a challenge to conventional environmental forensic techniques because refinery processes remove most of the higher molecular weight biomarkers. This study presents a tiered environmental forensics strategy that includes such information as site operationa...

As a result of the content of benzene in various streams of refinery products, including gasoline, it is not surprising that over the years studies and case reports have linked gasoline exposure to lymphopoietic cancers (LPC), particularly leukemia and multiple myeloma (MM). Of three recently conducted studies of gasoline-exposed workers, one shows strong associations with leukemia and MM, a se...

Our objective in this study was to assess the effect of using two kinds of lead-free gasoline [including 92-lead-free gasoline (92-LFG) and 95-lead-free gasoline (95-LFG), rated according to their octane levels] to replace the use of premium leaded gasoline (PLG) on the emissions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their corresponding benzo[a]pyrene equivalent (BaP(eq)) amounts from ...

Powering airplanes by hydrogen, as reported on David Kramer in the December 2020 issue of Physics Today (page 27), is a nice theoretical idea that brings little practical benefit.Apart from difficulties handling hydrogen cryogenic liquid or gas at very high pressure, most serious problem with an aviation fuel isn’t weight tanks containing it but rather its low density, even liquid. Consider Toy...

Fire and explosion accidents often occur in storage tanks leading to great economic loss and serious casualties during the working, operation and maintenance. This paper established a reduced-scale storage tank experimental system, and then the explosion characteristics of gasoline-air mixture in storage tank were studied. The experimental results show that several parameters (such as concentra...

EPA’s charge from the NEPD included exploring ways to increase the flexibility in the distribution infrastructure, improve fungibility, and provide added gasoline market liquidity. In addition to looking at distribution system impacts, EPA analyzed how the various options could affect the overall supply of gasoline from refineries in the U.S. (i.e., gasoline production capacity). Analyzing the ...

This study assessed the heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollutant in soil around petrol filling stations automobile mechanic workshops. Samples of were acquired from depth range 0–15 cm. Toxic analyzed with atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The PAHs using phytochemical chromatographic analysis by Soxhlet extraction method. tested was weakly acidic (6.12–6.81). trend ...

The primary goal of this study was to isolate hydrocarbon-degrading organisms and assess their ability to bioremediate petroleum-contaminated soil and water. Nigeria is one of the major oil producing countries and petroleum contamination is widespread in agricultural soil. Alcaligenes sp. strain 3k was isolated from a kerosene-polluted soil in Ilorin, Nigeria. We also assessed its ability to de...

The phaseout of leaded gasoline would be a significant step forward in the reduction of a major source of exposure; however, this undertaking , even if successful, will have limited public health impact if other sources of exposure are not substantially reduced. For instance, in Mexico City, after the introduction of unleaded gasoline in 1990, lead concentrations in air declined from 1.2 pg/m3 ...