نتایج جستجو برای: gain and saturation energy measurements
تعداد نتایج: 16983658 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
In ALMA Memo 321, Plambeck points out that saturation (gain compression) is likely to be a significant factor limiting the calibration accuracy of ALMA observations. In this memo, saturation by broadband noise and CW signals is analyzed for representative SIS receivers operating at different frequencies. Many SIS mixers in current use are expected to exhibit a significant degree of gain compres...
Low gain feedback refers to certain families of stabilizing state feedback gains that are parameterized in a scalar and go to zero as the scalar decreases to zero. Low gain feedback was initially proposed to achieve semi-global stabilization of linear systems subject to input saturation. It was then combined with high gain feedback in different ways for solving various control problems. The res...
We have extended a conventional photosynthesis model to simulate field and laboratory measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence at the leaf scale. The fluorescence paramaterization is based on a close nonlinear relationship between the relative light saturation of photosynthesis and nonradiative energy dissipation in plants of different species. This relationship diverged only among examined dat...
We study experimentally observable signals for nonlinear QCD dynamics in deep inelastic scattering (DIS) at small Bjorken variable $x$ and moderate virtuality $Q^2$, by quantifying differences between the linear Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi (DGLAP) evolution with Balitsky-Kovchegov (BK) equation. To remove effect of parametrization freedom initial conditions both equations, we fir...
Extended Abstract Introduction and Objective: The most important factor in adjusting poultry feed consumption is energy, which is correlated with feed cost. The net energy system is more accurate and useful for measuring the energy utilization of poultry. The presence of anti-nutritional compounds such as non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) and phytate compounds in some poultry feed items ...
the present study sought to investigate the impact of using mind-mapping technique instruction on female elementary efl learners reading comprehension; it also investigated their attitudes towards using mind-mapping technique as a tool to improve their reading comprehension. this study followed a quasi-experimental design with two intact groups as experimental, and control groups. the participa...
We experimentally validate a black box model for long-wavelength erbium doped fiber amplifiers. The agreement between the model and the experiments is closer than in the case of conventionalwavelength erbium amplifiers. Introduction Several models have been proposed to predict gain spectral changes of Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifiers (EDFA) under different saturation conditions [1-3]. Most of thes...
The self-amplified, spontaneous emission free-electron laser (SASE FEL) gain process is a collective instability which induces microbunching in the electron beam. Microbunching approaching unity at the fundamental FEL wavelength (845 nm), and its second harmonic, have been measured at the VISA FEL, at or near saturation. These measurements, which use the beam's coherent transition radiation (CT...
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