introduction: ciprofloxacin which was used in this study is a fluoroquinolone (fq). this kind of drug may cause epileptic seizures probably because of the inhibition of gaba binding to its receptors. wag/rij rats (an animal model for generalized absence epilepsy), were used as experimental subjects. methods: for eeg study, electrodes were inserted into the cortex of animals according to paxinos...

Objective(s): Propofol (2, 6-diisopropylphenol) is an intravenous anesthetic that is commonly used for the general anesthesia. It is well known that the spinal cord is one of the working targets of general anesthesia including propofol. However, there is a lack of investigation of the effects of propofol on spinal dorsal horn which is important for the sensory transmission of nociceptive signal...

Chloride redistribution during type A gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA(A)) currents (I(GABA)) has been investigated in cultured frog pituitary melanotrophs with imposed intracellular chloride concentration ([Cl(-)](i)) in the whole cell configuration or with unaltered [Cl(-)](i) using the gramicidin-perforated patch approach. Prolonged GABA exposures elicited reproducible decaying currents. The de...

There is increasing evidence suggesting that the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a local factor involved in the regulation of endocrine organs. Examples of such functions are documented in the pancreas, but recent results suggest that GABA may act in a similar way in the pituitary, in which GABA receptors are expressed and pituitary growth hormone (GH) cells provide a source ...

Ionotropic GABA(A) receptors are a highly heterogenous population of receptors assembled from a combination of multiple subunits. The aims of this study were to characterize the potency of GABA at human recombinant δ-containing extrasynaptic GABA(A) receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes using the two-electrode voltage clamp technique, and to investigate, using site-directed mutagenesis, the mo...

Activation of GABA(A)Rs in the lateral nucleus of the amygdala (LA), a key site of plasticity underlying fear learning, impairs fear learning. The role of GABA(C)Rs in the LA and other brain areas is poorly understood. GABA(C)Rs could be an important novel target for pharmacological treatments of anxiety-related disorders since, unlike GABA(A)Rs, GABA(C)Rs do not desensitize. To detect function...

GABA(B) receptor (GABA(B)R)-mediated presynaptic inhibition regulates neurotransmitter release from synaptic terminals. In the neonatal hippocampus, GABA(B)R activation reduces GABA release and terminates spontaneous network discharges called giant depolarizing potentials (GDPs). Blocking GABA(B)Rs transforms GDPs into longer epileptiform discharges. Thus, GABA(B)R-mediated presynaptic inhibiti...