This study was conducted in the lath house of Horticulture and Landscape Gardening Department, College Agriculture , University Anbar for period from April to December 2021, effect foliar spraying with growth regulators Forchlorfenuron Gibberellic acid vegetative chemical content two years old Washington navel orange transplants budded on rough lemon rootstock, experiment included application f...

Gladiolus is an important marketable cut flower, especially valued for use in floral arrangements. We assessed the effects of two different methods of application (foliar spray and drench) and various concentrations of gibberellic acid (GA3), salicylic acid (SA), mival (MI) and krizatcin (KR) on vegetative and reproductive features of Gladiolus hybridus. The experiment was planned in a factoria...

Ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula L. Roxb) is a popular and nutritious vegetable in Bangladesh. The present investigation was undertaken to establish an efficient in vitro regeneration system of ridge gourd from immature embryo and cotyledon explants. Immature embryos and cotyledons were collected from immature seeds and culture on MS medium supplemented with various concentration and combination o...

Eucalyptus globulus trees treated with oligo-carrageenan (OC) kappa showed an increase in NADPH, ascorbate and glutathione levels and activation of the thioredoxin reductase (TRR)/thioredoxin (TRX) system which enhance photosynthesis, basal metabolism and growth. In order to analyze whether the reducing redox status and the activation of thioredoxin reductase (TRR)/thioredoxin (TRX) increased t...

Fruit cell wall modification is the primary factor affecting fruit softening. Xyloglucan endotransglycosylase/hydrolase (XTH), a cell wall-modifying enzyme, is involved in fruit softening. In this study, two novel XTH genes (DkXTH6 and DkXTH7) were identified from persimmon fruit. Transcriptional profiles of both of the two genes were analyzed in different tissues of persimmon, and in response ...

The aim of this work was to evaluate phytohormone biosynthesis, siderophores production, and phosphate solubilization in three strains (E109, USDA110, and SEMIA5080) of Bradyrhizobium japonicum, most commonly used for inoculation of soybean and nonlegumes in USA, Canada, and South America. Siderophore production and phosphate solubilization were evaluated in selective culture conditions, which ...

Pyochelin (PCH) is a siderophore (extracellular chelator) produced by the pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PAO). PCH is implicated in iron (Fe3+) transport to PAO, and is crucial for its metabolism and pathogenicity. Due to the chemical similarity with Fe3+, gallium (Ga3+) interferes with vital iron-dependent processes in bacterial cells, thereby opening new perspectives for the des...

Phosphatases are widely found in plants having intracellular and extracellular activities. Phosphatases are believed to be important for phosphorous scavenging and remobilization in plants, but its role in adaptation to abiotic stresses and growth hormones at germination level has not been critically evaluated. To address this issue, the effect of ABA, GA3, NaCl and drought on germination, grow...

The present work demonstrates the participation of polyamines (PAs) to improve direct regeneration and Agrobacterium-mediated transformation in soybean half-seeds. The inclusion of PAs to culture medium along with optimal plant growth regulators (PGRs) enhanced shoot induction [98.3 %; 4.44 µM N6-benzyladenine (BA) and 103.27 µM spermidine] and elongation [90.0 %; 1.45 µM gibberellic acid (GA3)...

The second and third geometric-arithmetic indices GA2(G) and GA3(G) of a graph G are defined, respectively, as ∑ uv∈E(G) √ nu(e,G)nv(e,G) 1 2 [nu(e,G)+nv(e,G)] and ∑ uv∈E(G) √ mu(e,G)mv(e,G) 1 2 [mu(e,G)+mv(e,G)] , where e = uv is one edge in G, nu(e,G) denotes the number of vertices in G lying closer to u than to v andmu(e,G) denotes the number of edges in G lying closer to u than to v. The Sz...