A numerical method for solving linear integral equations of the second kind is formulated. Based on a special representation of vector forms of triangular functions and the related operational matrix of integration, the integral equation reduces to a linear system of algebraic equations. Generation of this system needs no integration, so all calculations can easily be implemented. Numerical res...

In this article, a numerical method based on  improvement of block-pulse functions (IBPFs) is discussed for solving the system of linear Volterra and Fredholm integral equations. By using IBPFs and their operational matrix of integration, such systems can be reduced to a linear system of algebraic equations. An efficient error estimation and associated theorems for the proposed method are also ...

‎In this paper‎, ‎an efficient algorithm for solving a system of linear‎ ‎equations based on the homotopy analysis method is presented‎. ‎The‎ ‎proposed method is compared with the classical Jacobi iterative‎ ‎method‎, ‎and the convergence analysis is discussed‎. ‎Finally‎, ‎two‎ ‎numerical examples are presented to show the effectiveness of the‎ ‎proposed method.‎

In this paper, the numerical technique based on hybrid Bernoulli and Block-Pulse functions has been developed to approximate the solution of system of linear Volterra integral equations. System of Volterra integral equations arose in many physical problems such as elastodynamic, quasi-static visco-elasticity and magneto-electro-elastic dynamic problems. These functions are formed by the hybridi...

The evaluation of productivity of educational units during the last decades has become an important priority for many countries. A current approach considers the schools as production units that use multiple inputs and produce multiple outputs. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a very effective methodology for the estimation of relative efficiencies in the presence of multiple inputs and outpu...

ABSTRACT-Different evapotranspiration (ET) estimation equations having different accuracy with different conditions have been developed for ET estimation. This study will firstly focus on the estimation of 13 climatic equations of daily garlic ET estimation whose  ET is measured by lysimeter to provide information which can be helpful in selecting an appropriate ET equation. The paper aims at s...