A divide-and-conquer approach is presented for signer-independent continuous Chinese Sign Language(CSL) recognition in this paper. The problem of continuous CSL recognition is divided into the subproblems of isolated CSL recognition. We combine the simple recurrent network(SRN) with the hidden Markov models(HMM) in this approach. The improved SRN is introduced for segmentation of continuous CSL...

In recent years, the number of studies investigating new directions in speech modeling that goes beyond the conventional HMM has increased considerably. One promising approach is to use Bayesian Networks (BN) as speech models. Full recognition systems based on Dynamic BN as well as acoustic models using BN have been proposed lately. Our group at ATR has been developing a hybrid HMM/BN model, wh...

MOTIVATION Score-based progressive alignment algorithms do dynamic programming on successive branches of a guide tree. The analogous probabilistic construct is an Evolutionary HMM. This is a multiple-sequence hidden Markov model (HMM) made by combining transducers (conditionally normalised Pair HMMs) on the branches of a phylogenetic tree. METHODS We present general algorithms for constructin...

In this paper, we study the application of an HMM (hidden Markov model) to the problem of representing protein sequences by a stochastic motif. A stochastic protein motif represents the small segments of protein sequences that have a certain function or structure. The stochastic motif, represented by an HMM, has conditional probabilities to deal with the stochastic nature of the motif. This HMM...

We characterize a novel microsome system that forms high-molecular-mass (HMM) CYP3A, CYP2E1, and ubiquitin conjugates, but does not alter CYP4A or most other microsomal proteins. The formation of the HMM bands was observed in hepatic microsomes isolated from rats treated 1 week or more with high doses (50 mg/kg/day) of nicardipine, clotrimazole, or pregnenolone 16alpha-carbonitrile, but not mic...

Hereditary Multiple Malformation (HMM) is a naturally occurring, autosomal recessive, homozygous lethal mutation found in Japanese quail. Homozygote embryos (hmm-/-) show polydactyly similar to talpid2 and talpid3 mutants. Here we characterize the molecular profile of the hmm-/- limb bud and identify the cellular mechanisms that cause its polydactyly. The hmm-/- limb bud shows a severe lack of ...

In this paper, a method is proposed to generate pitch-contours for Mandarin speech synthesis. In this method, an HMM (hidden Markov model) is used to model the prosodic states implicitly stayed and a syllable’s pitch-contour is treated as an observation generated from a prosodic state. Such an HMM is called a syllable pitch-contour HMM (SPC-HMM). For training the SPC-HMM, we developed a feasibl...

Humans make daily routine decisions based on their internal states in intricate interaction scenarios. This paper presents a probabilistically reconstructive learning approach to identify the of multi-vehicle sequential interactions when merging at highway on-ramps. We treated task's decision as dynamic, stochastic process and then integrated into an HMM-GMR model, probabilistic combination ext...

Hyperbolic metamaterials (HMMs) offer unconventional properties in the field of optics, enabling opportunities for confinement and propagation light at nanoscale. In-plane orientation optical axis, direction coinciding with anisotropy HMMs, is desirable a variety novel applications nanophotonics imaging. Here, method creating localized HMMs in-plane based on block copolymer (BCP) blend instabil...