INTRODUCTION Lung Clearance Index (LCI) is recognised as an early marker of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. The effect of posture on LCI however is important when considering longitudinal measurements from infancy and when comparing LCI to imaging studies. METHODS 35 children with CF and 28 healthy controls (HC) were assessed. Multiple breath washout (MBW) was performed both sitting and su...

product/device. Introduction The birth of a child is preceded by several changes to prepare for the transition from intrauterine to extrauterine life. The five major events that establish the lungs as the organ of gas exchange at birth include: clearance of fetal lung fluid, establishment of spontaneous breathing, decrease in pulmonary vascular resistance, release of surfactant, and cessation o...

BACKGROUND Ethnic origin has an important influence on the lung function of adults and young children but its effect during infancy, particularly following premature delivery, is unclear. METHODS The results from infants of pure Afro-Caribbean (subjects) and pure Caucasian (controls) descent, all of whom were born prematurely (median gestational age 28 weeks), were compared. Fifty subjects we...

Fourteen subjects showing an increase of residual volume (RV) without any clinical or functional signs of bronchial obstruction were studied. Maximum expiratory flow volume (MEFV) curves were obtained with a pressure-corrected volume plethysmograph. Static pressure-volume curves were obtained by stepwise interruption of a slow expiration from total lung capacity (TLC) to RV. Static compliance w...

The advantages of determining thoracic gas volume and functional residual capacity (FRC) via the body plethysmograph have long been recognized.1 In our laboratory, we have found that employing a standard X-Y-T recorder in conjunction with the plethysmograph enables us to determine a more precise measurement of FRC from our measurement of thoracic gas volume. During plethysmographic study, the t...

This study evaluated the fracture load and failure mode of various veneer materials cemented with or without the addition of a fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) layer at the adhesive interface. Sixty intact incisors were randomly divided into three groups. Group 1 was fabricated with the heat-press technique (IPS Empress 2); Group 2 with the copy milling technique (ZirkonZahn); and Group 3 with ...

It has been suggested that dependent regions of an injured lung are collapsed and subject to cyclic reopening and collapse during mechanical ventilation. To test this hypothesis, we measured both temporal and spatial heterogeneity of lobar expansion in oleic acid (OA)-injured dogs. Regional volumes were measured in nine dogs (seven supine and two prone) during closed loop sinusoidal oscillation...

The authors explored the relative utility of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) and computed tomography (CT) to characterize the progression of papain induced emphysema in sheep (n = 12). PFT included plethysmography (FRC(pleth)), helium dilution (FRC(He)), and expired reserve volume (ERV). Following papain, FRC(pleth) and FRC(He) were unchanged; ERV decreased hence residual volume increased signi...

Increased wheeze and asthma diagnosis in obesity may be due to reduced lung volume with subsequent airway narrowing. Asthma (wheeze and airway hyperresponsiveness), functional residual capacity (FRC) and airway conductance (Gaw) were measured in 276 randomly selected subjects aged 28-30 yrs. Data were initially adjusted for smoking and asthma before examining relationships between weight and FR...

The usefulness of body plethysmography in the assessment of thoracotomy candidates is not well documented. Reported thresholds for operability are generally expressed in absolute values, which do not take into account a patient's size, age or gender. Spirometric and plethysmographic data of 103 patients undergoing thoracotomy were examined for their ability to predict death due to cardiopulmona...