In this paper we extend the basic principles and results of conservative logic to include the main features of many-valued logics with a finite number of truth values. Different approaches to many-valued logics are examined in order to determine some possible functionally complete sets of logic connectives. As a result, we describe some possible finite-valued universal gates which realize a fun...

1. Topological Vector Spaces 1 1.1. The Krein-Milman theorem 7 2. Banach Algebras 11 2.1. Commutative Banach algebras 14 2.2. ∗–Algebras (over complexes) 17 2.3. Problems on Banach algebras 20 3. The Spectral Theorem 21 3.1. Problems on the Spectral Theorem (Multiplication Operator Form) 26 3.2. Integration with respect to a Projection Valued Measure 27 3.3. The Functional Calculus 34 4. Unboun...

1. Topological Vector Spaces 1 1.1. The Krein-Milman theorem 7 2. Banach Algebras 11 2.1. Commutative Banach algebras 14 2.2. ∗–Algebras (over complexes) 17 2.3. Exercises 20 3. The Spectral Theorem 21 3.1. Problems on the Spectral Theorem (Multiplication Operator Form) 26 3.2. Integration with respect to a Projection Valued Measure 27 3.3. The Functional Calculus 34 4. Unbounded Operators 37 4...

1. Topological Vector Spaces 1 1.1. The Krein-Milman theorem 7 2. Banach Algebras 11 2.1. Commutative Banach algebras 14 2.2. ∗–Algebras (over complexes) 17 2.3. Problems on Banach algebras 20 3. The Spectral Theorem 21 3.1. Problems on the Spectral Theorem (Multiplication Operator Form) 26 3.2. Integration with respect to a Projection Valued Measure 27 3.3. The Functional Calculus 34 4. Unboun...

We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for a Hill operator (i.e., a one-dimensional periodic Schrödinger operator) H = −d/dx + V to be a spectral operator of scalar type. The conditions show the remarkable fact that the property of a Hill operator being a spectral operator is independent of smoothness (or even analyticity) properties of the potential V . In the course of our analysis we ...

We construct a commutative current operator x̄(z) inside Uq (

The Fokker–Planck equation is solved by the method of distributed approximating functionals via forward time propagation. Numerical schemes involving higher-order terms in Dt are discussed for the time discretization. Three typical examples ~a Wiener process, an Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process, and a bistable diffusion model! are used to test the accuracy and reliability of the present approach, whi...

In this paper, we introduce a bivariate Kantorovich variant of combination of Szász and Chlodowsky operators based on Charlier polynomials. Then, we study local approximation properties for these operators. Also, we estimate the approximation order in terms of Peetre's K-functional and partial moduli of continuity. Furthermore, we introduce the associated GBS-case (Generalized Boolean Sum) of t...

The variational derivative of a functional J[y] can be defined as δJ/δy = F y (x, y, y ′)− d dx F y ′ (x, y, y ′) [1, pp. 27–29]. Euler's equation essentially states that the variational derivative of the functional must vanish at an extremum. This is analogous to the well-known result from calculus that the derivative of a function must vanish at an extremum. In this section, we consider a sim...

The present thesis deals with computable functional analysis and in this context, especially, with compact operators on computable Banach spaces. For this purpose, the representation based approach to computable analysis (TTE) is used. In the first part, computable Banach spaces with computable Schauder bases are introduced and two representations each are defined for the dual space of a comput...