The needle lift and return timing of a CRDI (common rail direct injection) injector were investigated using an accelerometer and the Bosch injection rate measurement method. The Bosch method was used to measure the fuel injection rate shape when fuel was injected with several patterns. An accelerometer was mounted on the outside of the injector to catch the needle lift and return timing of the ...

There are several obstacles to the commercialization of PEM fuel cells.  One of the reasons is that the presence of carbon monoxide (CO) in the reformatted fuel, even at a very small scale, decreases the fuel cell performance. The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of CO in reformatted fuel on PEM fuel cell performance. For this purpose, a steady state, one-dimensional and non-isoth...

I find that dialysis providers in the United States exercise market power by reducing the clinical quality, or dose, of dialysis treatment. This market power stems from two sources. The first is a spatial dimension—patients face high travel costs and traveling farther for quality is undesirable. The second source is congestion—technological constraints may require dialysis capacity to be ration...

Health information technology can save lives, cut costs, and expand access to care. But its full promise will only be realized if policymakers broker a “grand bargain” between providers, patients, and administrative agencies. In exchange for subsidizing systems designed to protect intellectual property and secure personally identifiable information, health regulators should have full access to ...

A fuel-supply system using movable fuel-supply vehicles (FSVs) is proposed and its performance is evaluated. Both FSVs and vehicles requesting fuel are equipped with networked sensors. The sensors in FSVs are location sensors, and those in vehicles requesting fuel are for determining the remaining amount of fuel and the location of the vehicle. The time from when a fuel request is generated unt...

Recently, the world is facing energy crisis for non-renewable resources. So people are searching for high efficient energy transformations and way to utilize the alternate energy sources. Fuel cells are an important part in the research. The main aspects of fuel cell research is to reduce the cost and simplifying implementation conditions In recent years, people are moving towards microbiology ...