The performance characteristics of anode-supported, thin-film, single chamber fuel cells (SCFCs) have been investigated. Cells, in which Ni+Sm0.15Ce0.85O2 (Samaria doped ceria, SDC) served as the anode and SDC as the electrolyte, were fabricated by dry pressing. High quality, bilayer structures with electrolyte thicknesses as small as 10 Am were prepared with excellent reproducibility. The cath...

Numerical procedures to describe the dispersion, evaporation and combustion of a polydisperse liquid fuel in a turbulent oxidizer are presented. Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) allows one to describe accurately the evolution of the fully compressible gas-phase coupled with a Lagrangian description in order to describe two-phase flows. Standard coupling is used for the Eulerian/Lagrangian syst...

A droplet vaporization model has been developed for use in high pressure spray modeling. The model is a modification of the common Spalding vaporization model that accounts for the effects of high pressure on phase equilibrium, transport properties, and surface tension. The new model allows for a nonuniform temperature within the liquid by using a simple 2-zone model for the droplet. The effect...

 Flash Boiling atomization is one of the most effective means of generating a fine and narrow-dispersed spray. Unless its complexity its potential has not been fully realized. In This Paper, a three dimensional chamber has been modeled with a straight fuel injector. Effect of Flash Boiling has been investigated by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques. A finite volume approach with the ...

Spray ignition and flame stabilisation in the frame of diesel-like combustion conditions combine fundamental and complex physical and chemical processes. In this work, a numerical investigation has been performed to evaluate the potential of integrating detailed chemistry into CFD calculations, in order to improve predictions and gain more insight in involved processes. This work has been carri...

The influence of additives inducing viscoelasticity in diesel fuel, on the in-nozzle cavitation evolution and expelled spray morphology has been quantified by high-speed, diffused back-light schlieren imaging applied to two single-hole true-scale transparent injectors straight tapered orifice layouts (so-called Spray C D engine Combustion Network), as well a five-hole configuration (Spray M). M...

With the ever rising need for better fuel efficiency and lower emissions, the development of better engine technology is essential. Different strategies are being considered to increase engine efficiency, such as direct injection or downsizing. Certain regimes are clearly identified as optimal for certain range of loads. For gasoline engines, the Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition (HCCI) c...

BACKGROUND Spray volume can influence the amount of free water on the leaf surface and subsequently the ability of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) to move. In this study, an investigation was made of the effect of spray volume (548, 730 and 1095 L ha(-1) ) on the deposition, viability and infectivity of EPNs against Galleria mellonella on savoy cabbage, cauliflower and leek. RESULTS Increas...