In the present study, the aim is to optimize full and half toroidal continuously variable transmission (CVT) in order to minimize the vehicle fuel consumption (FC) in ECE driving cycle. First, the model of both CVTs’ efficiency is presented. The control strategy of CVTs speed ratio based on minimizing the vehicle FC is introduced, and the algorithm of calculating the vehicle FC is shown. Afterw...

Based on the problems caused by today conventional vehicles, much attention has been put on the fuel cell vehicles researches. However, using a fuel cell system is not adequate alone in transportation applications, because the load power profile includes transient that is not compatible with the fuel cell dynamic. To resolve this problem, hybridization of the fuel cell and energy storage device...

In this project we investigate the effect of heavy-duty trucks, equipped with different Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) systems, operating in mixed traffic with manually driven passenger vehicles, on the environment and traffic flow characteristics. The sluggish dynamics of trucks whether manual or ACC that is due to their limited acceleration capabilities filters speed disturbances caused by lea...

Exploring the transformational potential of industrial biotechnology on the way to a green economy Foreword 2 executive summary 3 rethinking the climate change challenge 4 doing more with less 5 doing more oF the right things 6 industrial biotechnologies' path to a low carbon economy 7 IMproved effIcIency 9 swItchIng to bIofuels 11 replacIng petrocheMIcals wIth bIobased MaterIal 13 closIng the ...

The relationship between gasoline prices and the demand for vehicle fuel efficiency is important for environmental policy but poorly understood in the academic literature. We provide empirical evidence that automobile manufacturers price as if consumers respond to gasoline prices. We derive a reduced-form regression equation from theoretical micro-foundations and estimate the equation with near...

-It is shown that time-dependent periodic control can improve the fuel economy of vehicles in cruise. The time-dependent controls considered are relaxed steady-state (RSS) control, quasi-steady-state (QSS) control and quasi-relaxed steady-state (QRSS) control. Examples are given which show that QRSS control may give better performance than either RSS or QSS control. Properties of optimal cost f...

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) have the ability to drastically reduce petroleum use. The FreedomCAR Office of Vehicle Technology is developing a program to study the potential of this technology. This paper describes work in which several tools were used to evaluate the impacts of various parameters on PHEV fuel economy. First, the impacts of battery’s energy and power were evaluated ...

To enable the transition away from a fossil-fuel-based energy economy, it is essential to address, in addition to energy extraction from sustainable resources, the problem of energy storage. We pursue in this work a storage strategy that relies on the capacity of selected nonstoichiometric metal oxides to uptake and release oxygen. Specifically, doped cerium oxide (ceria), a relatively abundant...