With its four species, Anchusa is one of the weedy genera of Boraginaceae in Iran. Its species are distributed in different habitats. In this study, the fruit morphological and micro-morphological features of the Anchusa taxa have been considered, so as to evaluate their diagnostic value. Eight qualitative and quantitative fruit features from 12 accessions of A. italica, A. strigosa, A. arvensi...

We examined the olfactory and visual abilities of megachiropteran bats, Cynopterus sphinx, for discrimination of the odour and shape of the banana fruit, Musa sp. We conducted the experiments in captive conditions by offering a selection of ripe bananas, blended bananas and artificial bananas. The behaviour of the bats was observed visually, and the percentage of activity and rest, duration of ...

Badea is known for the size and shape of fruit, or as giant passion fruit. The propagation passifloraceas mainly done by means seeds. Seed conservation one main steps in seedling production that makes it possible to guarantee maximum quality theseed a given period oftime can be through refrigeration.The experiment was conducted greenhouse Federal Institute Education, Science Technology Tocantin...

This study aimed to measure the effectiveness of stingless bee Tetragonula cf. biroi pollination on fruit formation bitter melon Momordica charantia plants. We used hoods observed In first hood, bees are inserted help pollinate 100 plants, while in other hoods, not so that there is no assistance pollinating The method focal sampling for 25 days observation. Based results study, increased percen...

Social network analyses and experimental studies of social learning have each become important domains of animal behavior research in recent years yet have remained largely separate. Here we bring them together, providing the first demonstration of how social networks may shape the diffusion of socially learned foraging techniques. One technique for opening an artificial fruit was seeded in the...

Mango (Mangifera indica) is an economically and nutritionally important tropical/subtropical tree fruit crop. Most of the current commercial cultivars are selections rather than the products of breeding programs. To improve the efficiency of mango breeding, molecular markers have been used to create a consensus genetic map that identifies all 20 linkage groups in seven mapping populations. Poly...

1. Diversification of some highly host-specific herbivorous insects may occur in allopatry, without shifts in host use. Such allopatric divergence may be accelerated by sexual selection operating on courtship displays. Wing size and shape may affect visual and vibrational courtship displays in tephritid fruit flies. Geometric morphometric methods were used to examine wings of six sympatric cryp...