BACKGROUND Aristolochiae Fructus (AF) and honey-fried Aristolochiae Fructus (HAF) have been used in China for a long time as anti-tussive and expectorant drugs. Few clinical cases have been reported to be associated with the toxicity of AF and HAF, although relatively high amounts of aristolochic acids (AAs) have been found in them. Our previous experiments have verified from the chemical chang...

BACKGROUND Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is non-cancerous condition of enlargement of the prostate, a common occurrence in older men. The immature fruits of Poncirus trifoliata (L.) Rafinesque (Rutaceae), Ponciri Fructus are widely used in traditional oriental medicine for the therapy of various diseases. However, little is known about the mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of BPH. In t...

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy several irrigants and an aqueous extract Fructus mume in eradicating three kinds biofilm. Materials Methods: A three-species biofilm E. faecalis, P. gingivalis F. nucleatum were cultivated for one week on Thermanox™ plates. Each specimen immersed 8 minutes various irrigants: solution, buffered citric acid, sodium hypochlorite control ...