We investigate how a positive relation between inflation and capital investment (the Mundell–Tobin effect, MT-E) affects optimal monetary policy in framework that combines overlapping generations new Monetarist models. find rates above the Friedman rule are if only there is an MT-E. In absence of MT-E, optimal. With increasing leads to first-order welfare gain from investment, second-order loss...

introduction : this study was carried out to investigate the effect of 808nm diode laser irradiation on dentinal tubules of root canal wall. materials and methods: twelve single-rooted teeth were used. after cleaning and shaping with rotary instruments by the crown down technique, the smear layer was removed by alternating irrigation with edta and sodium hypochlorite. the teeth were then random...

Renmin Li 1,2,*, Tao Liu 1,2,3,*, Yimin Zhang 1,2,3,4, Jing Huang 1,2,3 and Chengbao Xu 1,2 1 Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for High Efficient Utilization of Vanadium Resources, Wuhan 430081, China; [email protected] (Y.Z.); [email protected] (J.H.); [email protected] (C.X.) 2 College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, Chi...

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Monetary policy is a modern idea of which David Hume is generally considered a precursor. Moreover, thanks to Milton Friedman and Robert Lucas, he is often presented as one of the first and most illustrious endorser of monetarism. This paper argues against this view, and in agreement with Joseph Schumpeter, that Hume’s contribution to economics, while not insignificant, cannot claim any real no...