INTRODUCTION The ventilator and the endotracheal tube impose additional workload in mechanically ventilated patients breathing spontaneously. The total work of breathing (WOB) includes elastic and resistive work. In a bench test we assessed the imposed WOB using 3100 A/3100 B SensorMedics high-frequency oscillatory ventilators. METHODS A computer-controlled piston-driven test lung was used to...

The growth of medicinal plants and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites is influenced by plant growth regulators. In this study we investigated influence offour levels (0, 500, 1000, and 1500 mg l-1) of2-chloroethyltrimethylammonium chloride (Cycocel), a plant growth retardant, on growth parameters and some biochemical parameters of cannabis plants. Cycocel only at 500 mg l-1 decreased shoot l...

tuberose (polianthus tuberosa) is a commercially important cut flower; but its longevity and quality characteristics are compromised by stress during storage and transportation. thus, it is important to determine the most appropriate preservative solution to best maintained cut flowers. tests were done to examine the effects on of nano-silver (ns) (0, 15, 30 and 45 mg l-1) and sucrose (0, 4 and...

in order to identification of allelopathic compounds and investigation of the effect of aerial part extract of orchard grass on germination and seedling growth of alfalfa an experiment conducted as completely randomized design with four replications at university of mohaghegh ardabili, iran. treatments were concentrations of orchard grass extracts including 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%. radicle and ...

the superabsorbent polymer withholding water and disperse it gradually to roots increase soil water capacity. to study the effect of superabsorbent polymer on decreasing water stress effect as well as increasing irrigation efficiency a factorial experiment based on randomized block design with 4 replicates was design. treatments were 0, 10 and 20 % v superabsorbent and irrigation levels 25, 50 ...