Introduction Water constitute about 60-80% of body weight of a chicken. Underground water in many parts of the country is saline in nature (1). A poor quality of drinking water may result in wet droppings and decreased feed efficiency. Aflatoxins (AF) are the most common contaminants of animal feed and feedstuffs. There are reports describing the interaction of aflatoxins with other substances....

The need for clean water is currently the concern of many people, especially brackish that occurs from land discharge and mixing sea with fresh water. Jambi Province in particular, there are several areas downstream river where chemical/physical properties blackish brown content, this content it necessary to find a way reduce level order get suitable use by community. purpose study was separate...

In this study, growth patterns were monitored in controlled fresh and brackish water (BW) conditions for 7 months during Anguilla rostrata glass eel and elver stages. Null hypotheses tested were that there is no significant difference in growth between glass eels (1) collected from two geographic regions typified by different sex ratios, (2) reared in fresh and BW and (3) due to origin x salini...

Poisson (1924) states that the eggs of aquatic Hemiptera increase in volume as they develop. Kerenski (1930), Ludwig (1932), Evans (1933), Johnson (1937), Roonwal (1936), and Birch & Andrewartha (1942), all have described in various insects the changes which take place in the developing egg and which are generally associated with the absorption of water. The eggs of Corixidae are aquatic and ar...

This study evaluated the effect of short-term cadmium exposure on brackish water shrimpPalaemonetes africanus. Tests were carried out by exposing the shrimps to the test solutions containing various concentrations of the cadmium (0, 0.1, 1.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, and 100.0) mg/l using the semi-static agitation test procedure. Mortality was recorded at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 hours exposur...

Electrochemically generated iron can remove most contaminants present in water and wast water, by precipitation, adsorption, electrostatic interaction, and complex formation (generally called electrocoagulation-EC). In the present paper, pretreatment of brackish water having high total hardness (TH), alkalinity (A),  and Cl¯ ions, is studied by application of a DC-electrical current ot the ...

Humans create vast quantities of wastewater through inefficiencies and poor management of water systems. The wasting of water poses sustainability challenges, depletes energy reserves, and undermines human water security and ecosystem health. Here we review emerging approaches for reusing wastewater and minimizing its generation. These complementary options make the most of scarce freshwater re...