Effector and memory T cells may cross-react with allogeneic Ags to mediate graft rejection. Whereas the costimulation properties of Th1 cells are well studied, relatively little is known about the costimulation requirements of microbe-elicited Th17 cells. The co-stimulation blocker CTLA-4 Ig has been ineffective in the treatment of several Th17-driven autoimmune diseases and is associated with ...

The purposes of this study were to determine among a cohort of long-term alcoholic survivors after liver transplantation (1) the incidence of alcohol use, (2) its effect on allograft integrity and extrahepatic health, and (3) the validity of the pretransplant alcohol prognosis screening process. Retrospective clinical cohort study of all alcoholic patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplant...

BACKGROUND No formulation of exogenous insulin available to date has yet been able to mimic the physiological nictemeral rhythms of this hormone, and despite all engineering advancements, the theoretical proposal of developing a mechanical replacement for pancreatic beta cell still has not been reached. Thus, the replacement of beta cells through pancreas and pancreatic islet transplantation ar...

Several modalities of renal replacement therapy (RRT) are available for the treatment end-stage disease (ESRD). Patients likely to face complex medical decisions regarding type they wish pursue. A prospective, observational, descriptive and cross-sectional survey case series study was carried out in patients with grade 3-5 chronic kidney at General Hospital ‘Dr. Miguel Silva’ without starting t...

Aim of study: To determine the optimal working speed a gear-driven rotary planting mechanism for self-propelled riding-type onion transplanter in order to choose an adequate forward effective (Allium cepa L.) seedling planting.
 Area Daejeon, Korea.
 Material and methods: The was composed six hoppers that received free-falling seedlings through supply deposited them into soil. accurat...

BACKGROUND Human muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) is usually measured as the number of pulse-synchronous bursts in multiunit mean voltage recordings. We recently suggested burst amplitude distribution as a more sensitive indicator of altered MSNA in congestive heart failure (CHF). Here, we test whether this distribution can discriminate between different conditions with increased MSNA b...

background : guillain-barre syndrome is an unusual complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation but it is extremely rare after solid organ transplantation such as kidney or liver transplantation case report : a 48-year-old man, a case of kidney transplantation presented with generalized weakness in an ascending pattern. history and examination were compatible with the diagnosis of gu...

OBJECTIVES To determine the prevalence of isolated left ventricular noncompaction (IVNC) as a cause of heart failure and heart transplantation. METHODS There were 960 patients seen in the heart failure clinic from 1987 to 2005, with a complete evaluation including echocardiography at our center (study population, 82% men, mean age 52 years). The following data were collected: type of heart di...