In this article we estimate external costs for four representative types of freight trains. For each type of freight train, we estimate three general types of external costs and compare them with the private costs experienced by railroad companies. The general types of external costs include: accidents (fatalities, injuries, and property damage); emissions (air pollution and greenhouse gases); ...

We consider the two-echelon location-routing problem (2ELRP), a well-known problem in freight distribution arising when establishing a two-level transport system with limited capacities. The problem is a generalization of the NP-hard location routing problem (LRP), involving strategic (location), tactical (allocation) and operational (routing) decisions at the same time. We present a variable n...

16 Freight movement complexity and a lack of truck trip data limits freight modelling’s practicality 17 and application. Most publicly available truck movement data is reported at higher geographical levels 18 than detailed analysis and modelling require. The current Freight Analysis Framework (FAF) provides 19 freight data based on the Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) conducted every five years wit...

This paper presents a dynamic intermodal freight network scheme using a Discrete Element Method (DEM) approach for performing the microscopic simulation. The model is applied to a roadway network for freight movements from a port terminal. This approach was used to develop efficient control strategies for optimizing freight flow. The simulation model has various applications with the primary fo...

Efficient and correct freight train marshalling is vital for high quality carload freight transportations. During marshalling, it is desirable that cars are sorted according to their individual drop-off locations in the outbound freight trains. Furthermore, practical limitations such as non-uniform and limited track lengths and the arrival and departure times of trains need to be considered. Th...

An analytical model is developed to assign regional freight across a multimodal highway and railway network using geographic information systems. As part of the regional planning process, the model is an iterative procedure that assigns multimodal freight traffic to the network to achieve overall network optimum. The procedure integrates optimization programming with traffic assignment, conside...

Intermodal freight transport has received an increased attention due to problems of road congestion, environmental concerns and traffic safety. A growing recognition of the strategic importance of speed and agility in the supply chain is forcing firms to reconsider traditional logistic services. As a consequence, research interest in intermodal freight transportation problems is growing. This p...

Over time, large scale pickup and delivery providers acquire considerable amounts of data on customer orders, including order times, amount and configurations of freight, as well as the locations for pickup and delivery. If their fleet is equipped with tracking devices, additional GPS data can be provided and actual travel routes can be saved for later evaluation. In this paper, we present two ...

Abstract Freight transportation is of high importance and used to determine the region’s economy. Typically, effective freight systems are related decreasing costs moving goods from logistics facilities. The city Baghdad suffers many problems with land transport system, especially goods, among important things reduce current burden on network find most suitable sites for establishment warehouse...