In the first part of this article, a wide range of research is drawn upon to describe the process by which aging stereotypes are internalized in younger individuals and then become self-stereotypes when individuals reach old age. The second part consists of a review of the author's cross-cultural, experimental, and longitudinal research that examines the cognitive and physical effects of aging ...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to examine college students' beliefs about youth obesity, the roles of schools and physical education in addressing obesity, and the training they receive to work with overweight youth. METHODS AND PROCEDURE Physical education-related (n = 212) and nonphysical education-related (n = 218) majors completed a demographic questionnaire, a Modified Fat Ster...

BACKGROUND There is a broad semantic network of aging stereotypes; where different concepts and their measurement are confused: personal stereotypes, self-stereotypes and self-perception of aging. METHOD First, we analyze the translated version of the Image of Aging Scale (IAS) measurement model through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, with two representative sub-samples of the S...

stereotype is misunderstandings about people with personality, behavior, attitudes, competencies, and in connection with any group (gender, race, class, status, location) includes any type of cognitive stereotypes toward people and other groups, but misconceptions and inaccurate information contained on them. in other words, people may even have some limited information or ambiguous, in the pro...

OBJECTIVE To assess the relation between demographic factors and film smoking stereotypes in adolescents and the potential influence of smoker stereotypes on smoking susceptibility. DESIGN A cross sectional questionnaire survey of school students (n = 3041) aged 12-13 and 16-17 years who were asked to describe the personal characteristics of female and male smokers in films. SETTING 15 prim...

The addition-deletion theorems for hyperplane arrangements, which were originally shown in [T1], provide useful ways to construct examples of free arrangements. In this article, we prove addition-deletion theorems for multiarrangements. A key to the generalization is the definition of a new multiplicity, called the e-multiplicity, of a restricted multiarrangement. We compute the e-multiplicitie...

: one of the main classifications in human societies is based on sex. although this kind of classification is originated from the physiology of human being but it can result in some stereotypes about men and women. stereotypes are traits which can be attributed to all members of a group without considering the differences between them. in other words stereotypes are part of the thoughts and bel...

Implicit Leadership Theories (ILTs) are individuals’ perceptions of the traits and behaviors characterizing leaders. Four studies investigated the reliabilities and different types of validities for a scale developed to measure Iranian Implicit leadership Theories (IILTs). Study 1 used a qualitative method to extract the implicit theories of ideal leadership after interviewing 27 experts. The I...