Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is a highly specialised surgical technique performed by dermatologists under local anaesthesia and used for the treatment of complex skin cancers. The technique was first developed by Frederic Mohs in the 1930s. The process involves taking horizontal sections of skin tissue which are then carefully mapped, colour-coded and examined microscopically in real-time. T...

BACKGROUND/AIM Increased expression and prognostic significance of major redox regulator nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2) is recognized in many cancers. Our aim was to investigate the role of oxidative stress markers in melanoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS We characterized the immunohistochemical expression of Nrf2, kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), BRAF(V600E), 8-hydrox...

Cutaneous melanoma has been classified into three distinct histolÃ3gica! subtypes based on histopathological and clinical features. The incidence of the least common type, lentigo maligna melanoma, has been most strongly associated with chronic sunlight exposure as its cause, especially lesions presenting on the face area. The relationship of sunlight exposure to the other two major subtypes, s...

Sunscreen can help reduce the risk of malignant melanoma, contrary to the finding of a study that received considerable media attention last February, says a skin cancer specialist at Ohio State University’s Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Research Institute. "If you’ve heard or read comments to the effect that sunscreens do not protect against malignant melanoma, forget them," said Ronald ...

The indications for MMS include malignant tumors with poorly defined borders, histology, tumor size, level of invasion, anatomic location, reduced patient immunity, and recurrence after previous treatment. MMS is indicated for locally aggressive tumors that are difficult to eradicate by routine measures and recurrent tumors following conventional surgical excision. MMS has been used successfull...

Tumoral melanosis is a form of completely regressed melanoma that usually presents as darkly pigmented lesions suspicious for malignant melanoma. Histology reveals dense dermal and subcutaneous infiltration of melanophages. Pembrolizumab is an antibody directed against programmed death receptor-1 (PD1) and is frontline treatment for advanced melanoma. An 81-year-old man with metastatic melanoma...

Age-associated skin lesions linked to UV radiation (UVR) include actinic keratosis, non-melanoma skin cancer-such as basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma-lentigo senilis and lentigo maligna. Their incidence is increasing worldwide, mainly due to exaggerated UV exposure and to an aging population. Early diagnosis and therapy of pre-malignant cutaneous lesions is crucial for the secon...

Received June 5, 2003; revision received October 30, 2003; accepted November 4, 2003. BACKGROUND. Desmoplastic and neurotropic melanoma (DNMM) occasionally metastasizes to regional lymph nodes and extranodal sites. The value of sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has not been demonstrated clearly for patients with DNMM. The authors report on the utility of SLNB in the management of patients with ...

MF: mycosis fungoides INTRODUCTION Mycosis fungoides (MF), the most common form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, is composed of skin-homing mature effector T lymphocytes. Limited patch or plaque disease generally follows an indolent course with little, if any, effect on overall survival; therefore, skin-directed therapies are preferred and include corticosteroids, nitrogen mustard, phototherapy, a...

Objective and Importance. Brainstem metastases (BSMs) are uncommon but serious complications of some cancers. They cause significant neurological deficit, and options for treatment are limited. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has been shown to be a safe and effective treatment for BSMs that prolongs survival and can preserve or in some cases improve neurological function. This case illustrates ...