The uncertainties in the predicted acoustic wavefield associated with the transmission of lowfrequency sound from the continental slope, through the shelfbreak front, onto the continental shelf are examined. The locale and sensor geometry being investigated is that of the New England continental shelfbreak with a moored low-frequency sound source on the slope. Our method of investigation employ...

Two theoretical models have been proposed to describe long-term dynamics of diversification: the equilibrium model considers the Earth as a closed system with a fixed maximum biological carrying capacity, whereas the expansion model hypothesizes a continuously increasing diversification of life. Based on the analysis of the fossil record of all organisms, Benton suggested contrasting models of ...

Tide gauge data were used to identify the occurrence, characteristics, and cause of tsunamis of meteorological origin (termed ‘meteotsunamis’) along the Western Australian coast. This is the first study to identify meteotsunamis in this region, and the results indicated that they occur frequently. Although meteotsunamis are not catastrophic to the extent of major seismically induced basin-scale...

We present data spanning approximately 100 years regarding the spatial and temporal occurrence of marine turtle sightings and strandings in the northeast Atlantic from two public recording schemes and demonstrate potential signals of changing population status. Records of loggerhead (n = 317) and Kemp’s ridley (n = 44) turtles occurring on the European continental shelf were most prevalent duri...

Except in the deep ocean, the seabed has a major influence on low-frequency acoustic propagation. The formulation of an adequate geoacoustic model of the seabed is therefore one of the most important tasks facing anyone carrying out acoustic propagation modelling to predict underwater sound levels in coastal and continental shelf waters. It is often assumed that seabed layering on scales signif...

STOCK DEFINITION AND GEOGRAPHIC RANGE There are two hematologically and morphologically distinct bottlenose dolphin ecotypes (Duffield et al. 1983; Duffield 1986) which correspond to a shallow water ecotype and a deep water ecotype; both ecotypes have been shown to inhabit waters in the western North Atlantic Ocean (Hersh and Duffield 1990; Mead and Potter 1995; Curry and Smith 1997). Bottlenos...

This study examined the natural diversity and distributions of sulfate-reducing bacteria along a natural carbon gradient extending down the shelf-slope transition zone of the eastern Pacific continental margin. Dissimilatory (bi)sulfite reductase gene sequences (dsrAB) were PCR amplified and cloned from five different sampling sites, each at a discrete depth, from two different margin systems, ...

The Final STRATAFORM Modelers Meeting identified critical steps required to achieve an integrated continental margin modeling system. One of these critical steps is incorporation of an updated, process-oriented shelf sedimentation algorithm within the larger SedFlux model. During Phases III of STRATAFORM, gravity-driven flows of fluid mud within the wave boundary layer were identified as the do...

There were two main objectives of the current research. The first objective was to complete a final numerical implementation of a statistical inference approach based on a maximum entropy formalism. The second objective was to combine the waveguide parameter statistical inferences with geophysical data from the Shallow Water 2006 (SW06) experiment on the New Jersey continental shelf to model ra...