BACKGROUND Agricultural insecticides are believed to play a role in global pollinator decline. In mass-flowering orchard crops, recommendations reduce exposure of pollinators include spraying at periods when bees aren't foraging, such as dusk and dawn outside crop flowering times. However, the presence weeds within orchards mean may still be found foraging throughout growing season, increasing ...

1 The MathWorks, Inc., Simulink Development, 3 Apple Hill Dr., Natick, MA 01760-2098, U.S.A. 2 The MathWorks, Inc., Application Engineering, 39555 Orchard Hill Place, Novi, MI 48375-5374, U.S.A. 3 The MathWorks, Inc., xPC Target Development, 3 Apple Hill Dr., Natick, MA 01760-2098, U.S.A. 4 The MathWorks, Inc., Technical Marketing, 39555 Orchard Hill Place, Novi, MI 48375-5374, U.S.A. 5 The Mat...

Fruit production has faced many challenges in recent years as society seeks to increase fruit consumption while increasing safety and reducing the harmful effects of intensive farming practices (e [...]

the present study modeled how future terrestrial net primary productivity (npp) changes spatiotemporally for the eastern mediterranean biomes of turkey using carnegie ames stanford approach (casa) model, moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (modis) data, the four regional climate change scenarios (rcp 2.6, rcp 4.5, rcp 6.0 and rcp 8.5), and such ancillary data as percent tree cover, la...

The Zagros forests (west of Iran) have been highly exploited in recent decades by human impacts. Easy access, abundance and variety of valuable forest yields have led to population growth density, creation of new residential areas and deforestation activities. In order to determinate the distribution and rate of deforestation from 1995 to 2006 by using the satellite imagery (IRS-1C and  LANDSAT...

After about a decade invested in development of plant-based techniques to diagnose tree water status in orchards, midday Stem Water Potential (SWP) is being adopted at the farm level as a irrigation management tool in orchard crops such as walnut and almond. An alternative technique referred to as midday, shaded Leaf Water Potential (LWP) has also been developed for use at the farm level. Effec...

Forests are an important economic source for human and have key role in nutrient cycle, hydrology and ecosystem performance, any interference in this vital ecosystem causes to damage to forests. Mechanical logging and road construction in forest areas have led to much soil compaction. Soil physical and chemical properties were studied in parts of road and non-road in the Darabkola forest of Ira...