in this paper, we will review the foreign exchange market and will try to extract an exchange market pressure and an intervention index for iran by following the weymark (1995) approach to evaluate the central bank of iran’s exchange rate policy during 1368:q1 to 1391:q3. the estimation method employed, is the econometric technique known in the literature as the two-stage least squares (2sls).t...

During Trump Administration, he introduced and used “America First” as his guidance in conducting US Foreign Policy. The emphasizes pursuing national interests using force to achieve security prosperity. However, Trump's decision relocate the Embassy recognition Jerusalem Israel’s capital city was contradictory with "America First" strategy. author’s main question is that What sort of norm shap...

conduct and orientation of states in their foreign policy are affected by geopolitical constant and variable factors. the authors of the present paper try to study the impact of variable factors on determining the islamic republic of iran’s foreign policy in the 1979-2005 period, on the basis of holsti’s trilogy on foreign policy (orientations, national roles and goals). exploiting the concept ...

ade, China’s rise has generated much attention, admiration, and concern. Whether China can rise peacefully remains a heavily debated issue, with political scientists worrying about the dangers of power transitions, aspiring regional hegemons, and growing nationalism.1 In response to China’s economic and military growth, the administration of Barack Obama has rebalanced U.S. foreign and security...

Are there systematic political economy factors that shape preferences for foreign aid, a key component of American foreign policy? We analyze votes in the House of Representatives from 1979 to 2003 that would increase or decrease foreign aid by considering the political, economic, and ideological characteristics of legislators and their districts. To understand who supports and opposes foreign ...

the aim of this paper is investigating and studying of geopolitical dimensions of russia in the caspian sea. russian post-soviet geopolitics invokes euroasianism as its inner rationale and meaning, as a greater good that imbues pragmatic, interest based politics with a sense of mission. eurasianism as a particular tradition of theorizing russia’s identity and place in the world has a momentum o...

in the age of globalization, neoliberal developmentalism is hegemonic cherachtristic of the international system. in this age legitimacy of political systems depends on national development. in such a space, creating a constructive interaction between national and international levels is a must for sucsess in national development plans. foreign policy is the main field & major means of creating...

Why do governments choose multilateralism? We examine a principalagent model in which states trade some control over the policy for greater burden sharing. The theory generates observable hypotheses regarding the reasons for and the patterns of support and opposition to multilateralism. To focus our study, we analyze support for bilateral and multilateral foreign aid giving in the US. Using new...

Under its Constitution, the World Health Organization (WHO) works with its members towards the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health. The context in which WHO and its Members pursue this goal has radically changed since 1946. The interdependence produced by globalization has broken down traditional ways of conceptualizing and organizing the medical, economic, politic...