In this work, benzyl alcohol was obtained in 96% excellent yield by hydrolysis of benzyl chloride catalyzedby the recyclable temperature-dependant phase-separation system that comprised the ionic liquid PEG1000-DAIL[BF4], toluene and ferric sulfate under homogeneous catalysis in aqueous media. This novel methodnot only enhanced the yield, but also made the operating units easy workup. The catal...

this study presents the synthesis of polyvinyl acetate (pvac) by solution polymerization and its partial hydrolysis to polyvinyl alcohol (pva) using alkaline alcoholysis. the influence of the molar ratio of hydrolysis catalyst (naoh) to pvac and the time and temperature of the saponification reaction on the degree of hydrolysis and molecular weight of the pva were investigated using response su...

Many modern launch vehicles use unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH) as liquid fuel in the space program. UDMH is highly toxic and poses a serious threat to the environment and to humans. One of the most effective methods of UDMH neutralization in case of fuel spills is adsorption. This paper is the first to suggest using hydrolysis lignin as rocket fuel adsorbent. The research was based ...

Hydrolysis is the most critical stage in high solids Temperature Phased Anaerobic Digestion (TPAD). In this paper two different Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste (OFMSW) types were tested co-digestion with Digested Sludge (DS) at temperatures: 37, 55 and 65 °C. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs), soluble chemical oxygen demand (CODs) Biochemical Methane Production (BMP) measured calculated aft...

the performance of a forced-liquid vertical tubular loop bioreactor (vtlb), a forced-liquid horizontal tubular loop bioreactor (htlb) and a gas-induced external airlift loop bioreactor (ealb) were compared for production of biomass from natural gas. hydrodynamic characteristics and mass transfer coefficients were determined as functions of design parameters, physical properties of gases as well...

    Sucrose hydrolysis was carried Out by Saccharomyces strains. The effective rate of reaction was examined experimentally for 5 different Saccharomyces strains. Two Strains of Schizosaccharomyces and Saccharomyces Carlsbergensis showed the best invertase activity. These two strains showed Michaelien Kinetics in the sucrose concentration up to 0.2 M and inhibitory effect in the concentration b...

Thisstudy presents axially forced vibration of a cracked nanorod under harmonic external dynamically load. In constitutive equation of problem, the nonlocal elasticity theory is used. The Crack is modelled as an axial spring in the crack section. In the axial spring model, the nonrod separates two sub-nanorods and the flexibility of the axial spring represents the effect of the crack. Boundary ...

crude enzyme (beta-galactosidase) extract (cee) was produced by lactobacillus ssp. bulgaricus chr hansen lb-12 and was applied in sterile milk which had been processed through ultra high temperature method (uht milk), for hydrolyzing lactose. lactosehydrolyzed milk was also produced by a pure and commercially available betagalactosidase (maxilact). optimum quantities of cee and maxilact enz...