OBJECTIVE We present the results of the autopsy of a retired professional football player that revealed neuropathological changes consistent with long-term repetitive concussive brain injury. This case draws attention to the need for further studies in the cohort of retired National Football League players to elucidate the neuropathological sequelae of repeated mild traumatic brain injury in pr...

Study Design Systematic review. Objectives To determine the incidence of catastrophic cervical spine injuries (CCSIs) among elite athletes participating in contact team sports and whether the incidence varies depending on the use of protective gear or by player position. Methods Electronic databases and reference lists of key articles published from January 1, 2000, to January 29, 2016, were se...

This article examines the sport labour migration of elite footballers who have transferred from another European country to English Premier League (EPL). Sport happens for a number reasons, including financial gain and professional development. With this, however, comes various challenges like cultural shock dislocation. To extend research on migration, data was gathered autobiographies, with t...

Politness Strategies in Comments on Instagram Official Accounts of Indonesian and English Football Leagues ABSTRAKPenelitian berikut melihat kesantunan dalam komentar orang Indonesia dan Inggris konteks sepak bola, serta menganalisis santun melalui bidal prinsip kesantunan. Data yang diambil dari 5 unggahan setiap akun liga bola Inggris. didapatkan ada mengandung merupakan pada rentang waktu 30...

Background: Baseball is a team sport that has a total of nine main players and includes explosive, endurance, and strength movements that can cause multiple injuries over a season due to repetitive movements, long training, and competition. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the epidemiology of shoulder and elbow injuries in Iranian Premier League baseball players. Methods: 79...

State concussion laws and sport-league policies are important tools for protecting public health, but also present implementation challenges. Both state laws and league policies often require athletes provide written acknowledgement of having received concussion-related information and/or of their responsibility to report concussion-related symptoms. This paper examines these requirements in tw...

Whereas stadium tourism is a growing area within sports tourism, football remains underexplored. Existing research largely focuses on match-day or heritage experiences, drawing single case studies, with no current study comprehensively exploring the multiplicity of touristic experiences across sizeable range stadia. We address this neglect through an extensive investigation stadia as destinatio...