Previously, we investigated the role of neuropeptide Y and leptin-sensitive networks in the mediobasal hypothalamus in sleep and feeding and found profound homeostatic and circadian deficits with an intact suprachiasmatic nucleus. We propose that the arcuate nuclei (Arc) are required for the integration of homeostatic circadian systems, including temperature and activity. We tested this hypothe...

Many children now suffer with a food allergy, immunoglobulin E (IgE) and/or non-IgE mediated. Food allergies have a significant impact on the child's quality of life, as well as that of their family, due to the resultant dietary restrictions and the constant threat of a potentially life-threatening reaction. At present, there is no cure for food allergies, but there are exciting advances occurr...

There is a real need to develop drugs which are active in common solid cancers but which are not limited in their usage by life threatening host toxicity. A tall order perhaps but nevertheless a worthwhile goal for the experimentalist. The search therefore goes on to identify new targets which will provide that elusive tumour cell specificity. One way of achieving selectivity might be to progre...

Locomotor control mechanisms must flexibly adapt to both anticipated and unexpected terrain changes to maintain movement and avoid a fall. Recent studies revealed that ground birds alter movement in advance of overground obstacles, but not treadmill obstacles, suggesting context-dependent shifts in the use of anticipatory control. We hypothesized that differences between overground and treadmil...

This study investigated the relation between impaired anticipatory postural adjustments and bradykinesia in Parkinson's disease. Patients with Parkinson's disease and age matched controls stood on a platform. In one series of experiments, they performed fast, discrete shoulder flexion or extension movements. In another series, they were required to press a trigger with the right thumb and thus ...

In mammals, the catabolic pathway of phenylalanine and tyrosine is found in liver (hepatocytes) and kidney (proximal tubular cells). There are well-described human diseases associated with deficiencies of all enzymes in this pathway except for maleylacetoacetate isomerase (MAAI), which converts maleylacetoacetate (MAA) to fumarylacetoacetate (FAA). MAAI is also known as glutathione transferase ...

This study is an attempt to understand the phonetic properties of pitch accent conditions in Japanese as related to the two observed versions of H tones. We tested the hypothesis that the higher version (accented H) results from pre-low raising (PLR) rather than being inherently higher. Correlation analysis reveals an inverse relation between accent peak and the following low tone, and that the...

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