Calculation of the composite modulation transfer function ( MTF) of macroradiography in high magnification conducted with an X-ray tube having a very fine focal spot of 50 p. was performed with the purpose of obtaining the optimal magnification ratio. The optimal magnification ratio of a macroradiogram taken without the object of scatterer was 4-fold when a Fuji KX medical X-ray film combined w...

BACKGROUND It is crucial to find a balance between functional and oncological outcome when choosing an adequate method for the management of vocal fold leukoplakia. Therefore, a detailed examination is a milestone in the decision-making process. AIM To examine whether narrow-band imaging (NBI) can be helpful in vocal fold assessment in the case of leukoplakia and how to overcome the "umbrella...

Purpose. To compare the measurements of fetal nuchal fold (NF) thickness by two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonography using the three-dimensional extended imaging (3DXI). Methods. A cross-sectional study was performed with 60 healthy pregnant women with a gestational age between 16 and 20 weeks and 6 days. The 2D-NF measurements were made as the distance from the outer sku...

Abstract Background Epidural fibrosis is one of the aetiologies pain following a spinal revision surgery. It reported that specific members mitogen – activated protein kinases (MAPK) family might mediate neuropathic pain. However, roles epidural caused by repeated surgeries and pain-related proteins in causing post surgery syndrome remain unknown. Using rat adhesion model, this study, we evalua...

BACKGROUND Body Mass Index (BMI) does not distinguish between fat-free mass and fat mass, yet this distinction is important as a clinical tool, especially in the military and occupations for which physical fitness is important. AIM This study assessed the level of agreement between BMI, sum of skin-folds and waist circumference in UK Army personnel. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Three hundred and ei...

PURPOSE To find out whether nuchal cord causes an effect on the nuchal skin fold thickness (NFT) measurements, or not. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 242 fetuses with normal outcomes that had undergone detailed second trimester US scan between 18 and 24 weeks of gestation were included in the study. NFT measurements were made on axial cranial US images passing through the cerebellum and cavu...

Reconstruction of a full-thickness alar defect requires independent blood supplies to the inner and outer surfaces. Because of this, secondary operations are commonly needed for the division of skin flap from its origin. Here, we report a single-stage reconstruction of full-thickness alar defect, which was made possible by the use of a nasolabial island flap and septal mucosal hinge flap. A 49-...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Autonomic neuropeptide Y (NPY) is involved in local bone remodeling via the central nervous system. However, the role of peripheral neuronal NPY in fracture healing is not known. We investigated the relationship between bone healing and side-specific occurrence of NPY in angular and straight fractures. METHODS Tibial fractures in Sprague-Dawley rats were fixed with intr...