We describe a comprehensive HOL mechanisation of the theory of ordinal numbers, focusing on the basic arithmetic operations. Mechanised results include the existence of fixpoints such as ε0, the existence of normal forms, and the validation of algorithms used in the ACL2 theorem-proving system.

This paper advocates a basic distinction between two epistemic operations called focusing and revision, which can be defined in any, symbolic or numerical, representation framework which is rich enough for acknowledging the difference between factual evidence and generic knowledge. Revision amounts to modifying the generic knowledge when receiving new pieces of generic knowledge (or the factual...

new criticism focuses on rigorous analysis of poetry and literature, irrespective of peripheral issues. its fundamental tenet is the autonomy of literary texts. therefore, new criticism shuns dealing with such peripheral issues as authors’ biography, social, political and historical events; since this approach considers all these issues as non-artistic. in principle, the followers of new critic...

Since the advent of the potent immunosuppressive agent FK 506, intestinal transplantation has become a feasible therapeutic option for patients with irreversible intestinal failure. In this chapter, we present our clinical experience with intestinal transplantation, focusing on the technical aspects of both the donor and recipient operations. The logistics of the operative procedure have been d...

RNA polymerase (RNAP) performs various tasks during transcription by changing its conformational states, which are gradually becoming clarified. A recent study focusing on the conformational transition of RNAP between the ratcheted and tight forms illuminated the structural principles underlying its functional operations.