Zambia has been experiencing low livestock productivity as well as trade restrictions owing to the occurrence of foot and mouth disease (FMD), but little is known about the epidemiology of the disease in these endemic settings. The fundamental questions relate to the spatio-temporal distribution of FMD cases and what determines their occurrence. A retrospective review of FMD cases in Zambia fro...

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is one of the most devastating diseases of livestock (1). The disease is caused by infection with a picornavirus, generically referred as FMD virus (FMDV), which is considered one of the most infectious agents affecting animals (2). FMD status affects national and international movement and trade of animals and animal products, and food animal trade is expected to p...

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is an extremely contagious viral affects all cloven- hoofed animals. The present study aimed to investigate the epidemiological situation of FMD in Egypt during 2017 and 2018, based on antigenic genetic characterizations virus (FMDV). Thirty oral epithelia were collected from vaccinated animals (14 native cattle 16 water buffaloes) showed clinical signs four Egyptia...

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is caused by a virus of the genus Aphthorvirus of the family Picornaviridae. There is great scientific need for determining the transmission dynamics of FMD virus (FMDV) by drawing more attention to the livestock-wildlife interface areas. A variety of literature suggests that buffalo could serve as reservoir of FMDV in wildlife and cattle. However, many FMDV researc...

doi:10.4102/ojvr.v81i2.729 http://www.ojvr.org Authors: Christopher J. Kasanga1 Begoña Valdazo-González2 Rahana Dwarka3 Jemma Wadsworth2 Nick J. Knowles2 Philemon N. Wambura1 Mark M. Rweyemamu1 Misheck Mulumba4 Jimis Deve5 Donald P. King2 Affiliations: 1Southern African Centre for Infectious Diseases Surveillance, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Tanzania 2WRLFMD, The Pirbright Institute, Uni...

Spain has been a foot-and-mouth disease (FMD)-free country since 1986. However, the FMD epidemics that recently affected several European Union (EU) member countries demonstrated that the continent is still at high risk for FMD virus (FMDV) introduction, and that the potential consequences of those epidemics are socially and financially devastating. This paper presents a quantitative assessment...

Improvements to sequencing protocols and the development of computational phylogenetics have opened up opportunities to study the rapid evolution of RNA viruses in real time. In practical terms, these results can be combined with field data in order to reconstruct spatiotemporal scenarios that describe the origin and transmission pathways of viruses during an epidemic. In the case of notifiable...

Since, the most susceptible laboratory animal to Foot–and–Mouth disease virus (FMDV) is guinea pig, and then one milliliter of FMDV type (O) concentrations of 106-106.5 TCID50was inoculated intradermally (ID) to 10 plantar surface of guinea pig (right side). Guinea pig adapted virus has been prepared after generalization phase, and then one milliliter of virus was inoculated intradermally to 30...

The World Wide Web supposedly makes life considerably easier for journalists writing against deadlines just a few hours ahead. Whatever the subject, they now have clear, accurate, topical information at their fingertips. Why, then, did it take some reporters days rather than hours to discover key facts about foot and mouth disease (FMD) when it erupted in Britain in February? Is the Internet no...

The potential role of giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) in the epidemiology and spread of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) SAT types was investigated by experimental infection and detection of virus in excretions using virus isolation on primary pig kidney cell cultures. In two experiments separated by a period of 24 months, groups of four animals were needle infected with a SAT-1 or SAT-2 virus, re...