The purpose of this review is to describe various geological and chemical factors that are controlling the fluoride concentration in soil, rocks, water, air, plants, animals and food stuffs. Further to discuss well established method that is used as the standard methods of analysis. Rock, Soil, Water, air, plants, animals, foodstuffs all contain fluoride in widely varied concentration. Industri...

Fresh water crab was exposed in fluoride water at 96h the rate of oxygen uptake was higher in gills followed by hepatopancreas and muscle. On exposure to fluoride water, tissue respiratory rates decreased, effect on gill tissue appeared to be more pronounced than other tissues under the study. The rate of oxygen uptake in male was higher tha control animal. Rate of oxygen consumption showed a s...

The aim of this study was to determine the concentration of fluoride in drinking water, the distribution system, in 22 villages in Shout (A city in West Azerbaijan province). Sampling of springs and underground water was carried out in two warm and cold seasons. Fluoride concentration were determined through spectrophotometer with a model, DR/5000.The fluoride concentration were compared with I...

The incidence of dental fluorosis in Sudan ranges from 4.5–100% depending on the fluoride level in potable water. The present study was designed to determine the maximum safe level for fluoride in potable water under the conditions currently prevailing in the affected areas using the Galagan and Vermillion equation which permits the calculation of the upper permissible fluoride level as a funct...

BACKGROUND Few studies have evaluated health impacts, especially biomarker changes, following implementation of a new environmental policy. This study examined changes in water fluoride, urinary fluoride (UF), and bone metabolism indicators in children after supplying low fluoride public water in endemic fluorosis areas of Southern China. We also assessed the relationship between UF and serum o...

OBJECTIVE To analyze the fluoride concentration in the public water supply at the area supplied by the Water Treatment Station of Bauru and classify the samples as acceptable or unacceptable according to the fluoride concentration. MATERIAL AND METHODS Samples were collected from 30 areas at two periods, October 2002 and March 2003. The fluoride concentration in the samples was determined in ...

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to classify brands of bottled water by manufacturer assigned labeling to verify the concentration of fluoride for those brands that claim to contain fluoride, and to determine the existence and concentration of fluoride for those brands that do not cite fluoride or list it as undetermined on the product label. METHODS A convenience sample of bottled drink...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The aim of the present study was to systematically review fluoride concentration of drinking waters and prevalence of fluorosis in Iran through systematically evaluating results of studies conducted in this regard. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this systematic review study, the required data was collected using keywords including drinking water fluoride, fluoride concentration,...

This study investigated the relationship between cortical bone mass in an older female population and their ingestion of fluoride from community water supplies. The study was conducted among lifelong female residents in Lordsburg (3.5 ppm fluoride) and Deming (0.7 ppm fluoride), NM. A total of 151 postmenopausal women ranging in age from 39 to 87 years took part; 69 were residents of the optima...