In the present essay, first, the most important arguments for proving the theory of "substantial movement" are analyzed and criticized. Two of them are rejected by the aid of some contemporary critics and the rest by initiative critiques. Then Molla Sadra’s interpretations that are under the influence of the mentioned theory are criticized. In order to do so, those Qora’nic verses which are con...

One of the important virtues in the field of ethics is “courtesy” and ethics philosophers have widely discussed the nature of courtesy and its components. The contemporary western philosophers’ viewpoints have been analyzed and explained in this paper. Their viewpoints could be classified into four groups: 1. the belief-oriented theory; 2. Ignorance-based theory; 3. Will-oriented theory; 4. Asy...

The adult age occurs when somebody reaches 65 years of age. It consists of gradually destruction of the structure and organism of the body during a long period. It leads to transformation of structure and process of different organs, such as: turning the hair white, hair falling, skin wrinkling, visual and hearing reducing, back curving, muscle power reducing, memory and perception disordering ...

This paper is the result of a research titled ‘identifying management competency system based on Nahj-ol-Balagheh". Since in this re-search, the grounded theory was used, a conceptual model and hypo-thesis was not compiled. Based on the requirements of grounded theory research strategy, the primary question in this research was: what is the best system of management competency based on Nahj-ol-...

 In this article, a causal model on the basis of trajectory is introduced for description of quantum systems. This theory is structurally very similar to Bohme mechanics, and like Bohme theory reproduces all statistical consequences of standard quantum mechanics. Particle trajectories in this model are different from anticipated ones by Bohme model. Quantum potential (force) form, which is give...