A new dual dynamic node hybrid flip-flop (DDFF) and a novel embedded logic module (DDFF-ELM) based on DDFF are introducing in this paper. The proposed designs eliminate the large capacitance present in the pre-charge node of several state-of-the-art designs by following a split dynamic node structure to separately drive the output pull-up and pulldown transistors. The aim of the DDFF-ELM is to ...

This paper describes a novel frequency-to-digital conversion technique based on the D flip-flop frequency deltasigma concept. It is shown that given some frequency constraints, there is no need for using a sampling frequency twice the maximum FM frequency. For narrow-band FM demodulation, it is further shown that by sampling the clock signal width the FM signal, the digital resolution is more e...

In many active stars the spots concentrate on two permanent active longitudes which are 180◦ apart. In some of these stars the dominant part of the spot activity changes the longitude every few years. This so-called flip-flop phenomenon has up to now been reported in 11 stars, both single and binary alike, and including also the Sun. To explain this phenomenon, a non-axisymmetric dynamo mode, g...

This paper presents a method to reduce the power consumption of the popular linear feedback shift register. The proposed scheme is based on the gated clock design approach and it can offer a significant power reduction, depending on technological characteristics of the employed gates. A modified Linear Feedback Shift Register is designed in which power consumption is reduced by deactivating the...

[Pram90] A. Pramanick, S. Reddy, " On the design of path delay fault testable combinational circuits " , Proc. at time t. After the application of the next clock the contents of the even flip-flops of the LFSR are shifted into the odd ones (see Figure 10b) producing the second vector. The content of the first output is derived by XORing the outputs of some flip-flops including the last one. Not...

Lipids of the plasma membrane are distributed asymmetrically between two leaflets, and the presence of glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids contribute to this asymmetry (Fig. 1). Of the glycerophospholipids, phosphatidylcholine (PC) is located mainly in the outer (extracytosolic) leaflet, and the aminophospholipids phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), as well as minor li...

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an efficient and relatively fast acting treatment for depression. However, one severe side effect of the treatment is retrograde amnesia, which in certain cases can be long-term. The mechanisms behind the antidepressant effect and the amnesia are not well understood. We hypothesized that ECT causes transient downregulation of key molecules needed to stabilize ...

A D flip-flop circuit that works well with long rise and fall times of the clock is characterized. This property is important when we would like to, e.g., relax the constraints on the clock distribution network or reduce the amount of noise generated in a mixed-signal circuit. Since the use of the D flip-flop allows small clock driver circuits, the amount of simultaneous switching noise can be ...

Serial scan design causes unnecessary switching activity during testing causing enormous power dissipation. The test time increases enormously with the increase in number of flip-flops. An alternate to serial scan architecture is Random Access Scan (RAS). Here every flip-flop is uniquely addressed using an address decoder. Although it may seem to have solved most of the current problems associa...

A multiway arbiter may be constructed from an interconnected structure of inverting gates which is a generalisation of the bistable flip-flop. Features of the dynamic behaviour of such a ‘multi-flop’ are illustrated by analysis and simulation based on a very simple non-linear dynamic model of each gate. Limitations of such a component as an arbiter are explained.