Flash memory has many attractive features, such as nonvolatility, light weight, and low power consumption. These features show promise for using flash memory as storage in consumer electronics, embedded systems, and mobile computers. However, flash memory has specific hardware characteristics that impose challenges on the design of storage systems. It cannot be overwritten unless erased in adva...

With the development of flash technologies, flash disks have become an alternative to hard disk as external storage media. Because of the unique characteristics of flash disks such as fast random read access and out-place update, shadow paging technology can be adopted to support transaction recovery in flash-based DBMS. Inspired by shadow paging and logging, we propose a new transaction commit...

There are three underdeveloped components of urban cloud-to-ground lightning studies: (1) the integration of multiple flash descriptors into more informative summary metrics of flash production, (2) the comparison of flash patterns by thunderstorm type, and (3) the correspondence of urban flashes with underlying land use. We used a GIS to integrate these components as part of an analysis of war...

File systems treats Flash storage device as a traditional storage media with their logical address. However inside the Flash storage device, Flash Translation Layer (FTL) remaps logical address to physical address to hide physical limitation of Flash memory cells. Due to the address translation, intentional logical separation of file system’s layout does not directly applied to physical separat...

Triple-Level Cell (TLC) NAND Flash memory at, and below, 20nm (nanometer) is still largely unexplored by researchers, and with the ever more commonplace existence of Flash in consumer and enterprise applications there is a need for such gaps in knowledge to be filled. At the time of writing, there was little published data or literature on TLC, and more specifically reliability testing, with a ...

UV flash processes, also referred to as isoenergetic-isochoric flash processes, occur for dynamic simulation and optimization of vapor-liquid equilibrium processes. Dynamic optimization and nonlinear model predictive control of distillation columns, certain two-phase flow problems, as well as oil reservoirs with significant compositional and thermal effects may be conducted as dynamic optimizat...

FLASH Radiotherapyは超高線量率照射のことであり，「障害が軽減される特性」を有している。そのため，放射線治療の今までの概念を覆すものであり，臨床応用ができれば，放射線治療分野でパラダイムシフトとなる潜在的可能性を秘めている。本総説では，背景，生物学的内容，メカニズムや臨床応用へ向けた取り組みなどについて紹介する。

BACKGROUND Aberrant Wnt/β-catenin signaling is associated with breast cancer even though genetic mutations in Wnt signaling components are rare. We have previously demonstrated that Rad6B, an ubiquitin conjugating enzyme, stabilizes β-catenin via polyubiqutin modifications that render β-catenin insensitive to proteasomal degradation. Rad6B is a transcriptional target of β-catenin, creating a po...